Female Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards
innominate bone consists of
ileum
ischium
pubis
what is the acetabulum
socket for the hip joint
boundary of true/false pelvis (name/made of ant/post)
arcuate line
ant: sup margin of symphysis pubis
post: sacral prominence
arcuate line AKA
linea terminalis
pelvic brim
iliopectineal line
uterus segments inf to sup
cervix
isthmus
corpus (body)
fundus
(cornua also come out)
what uterus positions have no flexion at the isthmus
anteverted
retroverted
what uterus positions have flexion at the isthmus
anteflexed
retroflexed
uterus is ___ shaped in reproductive years/postmenopausal year and ____ in newborns/infants
pear
bilobed
reproductive nulliparous uterus size (LxWxH)
8x5x4 cm (LxWxH)
cervix to uterus ratio (newborn, 4 year old, puberty, nulliparous adult, multiparous adult, postmenopausal)
2:1
1:1
2:1
2:1
3:1
1:1
uterine layers
endometrium
myometrium
peritmetrium
endometrium 2 layers
stratum functionalis (decidual)
stratum basalis
endometrium size
postmenopausal with bleeding:
postmenopausal no bleeding:
<5mm
<9mm
when may postmenopausal bleeding be normal
if woman on HRT
endometrium size
menstrual
proliferative
secretory
<1mm
5-8mm
9-14mm
the vagina attaches to the cervix at the level of the _____ with the posterior fornix being _____ than anterior
internal os
higherr
segments of fallopian tubes
interstitial
isthmus
ampulla
infundibulum (contains fimbriae)
fallopian tubes are contained in
mesosalpinx of broad ligament
ovaries are located in the Fossa of ____
Waldeyer
landmark for ovaries is the
internal iliac arteries
ovarian size/ shape (cc) (reproductive years)
almond shape
6cc up to 20cc (cubic cm)
postmenopausal ovarian size (cc) and what is considered abnormal
1-5.8cc
>8cc = abnormal
ovarian size (cm) (LxWxAP)
length: 2.5-5cm
width: 1.5-3cm
AP: .6-2.2cm
blood supply for uterus (3 off aorta, 4 off uterine artery)
aorta: CIA, IIA (AKA hypogastric artery), anterior branch of IIA
uterine artery: arcuate artery, radial artery, straight arterioles, spiral arterioles
what do straight/spiral arterioles supply and what artery do they branch from
branch from uterine artery
straight: supply basal layer of uterus
spiral: supply decidual layer of uterus
5 vessels for venous return from uterus
venous plexus
uterine vein
IIV
CIV
IVC
blood supply to ovaries
aorta to ovarian arteries
venous return for ovaries
right ovarian vein to IVC
left ovarian vein to LRV to IVC
the ovarian arteries often form ____ with the uterine arteries
anastomoses
ligaments for the female pelvis (7)
2 broad
2 round (lig teres uteri)
2 uterosacral
2 ovarian
2 suspensory (infundibulopelvic ligs)
2 mesosalpinx
2 mesovarium
broad ligament (what, drapes over, parts)
2 fold of peritoneum
drapes over uterus/fallopian tube
mesosalpinx: drapes over fallopian tubes
mesovarium: post portion of peritoneum that attaches to the ovary
round ligament helps
hold the uterine fundus and body in a forward postition
uterosacral ligaments
helps to anchor cervix and uterus posteriorly
ovarian ligament
connect ovary to lateral uterus
suspensory ligament
attach the ovary to the pelvic wall
muscles in the abdominopelvis (2)
rectus abdominus (abs) (ant wall of abdomen)
psoas muscle (post wall of abdomen)
linea alba
aponeuroses that fuse the 2 rectus muscles as well as the oblique muscles at the mid line
muscles in the false pelvis (1) (what, where, lateral to)
iliopsoas muscle
anterior and lateral
lateral to bladder and external iliac vessels
muscles in the true pelvis (4) (just name)
obturator internus muscle
piriformis
levator ani muscle
coccygues
obturator internus muscle (where, lat to, seen on US?)
side walls of pelvis
directly lat to uterus
difficult to see on US
piriformis (where, post to)
posterior wall of pelvis
post to cervix on US
(usually can only see it on one side)
levator ani muscle (where, post to)
most inferior muscle
post to vagina on US
coccygeus
the posterior floor of the pelviss
what is commonly mistaken for an ovary
piriformis muscle
what is the piriformis muscle commonly mistaken as
an ovary
intraperitoneal potential spaces
posterior cul-de-sac (rectouterine pouch)
anterior cul-de-sac (vesicouterine pouch)
extraperitoneal potential spaces
vaginal fornices
space of Retzius
what is the only area of the bladder that does not expand
trigone
peritoneum lines all pelvic organs except
ovaries
perineum
area between thighs
soft tissue around external genitalia and anus
what is the junction of the uterine body and the cervix
ishtmus
what is the normal length of a nulliparous menstrual age female uterus
6-8cm
what is the normal volume of an ovary in a patient o reproductive age
6cc but can be up to 20cc
how to calculate ovarian volume
L x W x H x 0.523
(or just devide by 2)
fallopian tube length total:
interstitial:
isthmus:
ampulla:
7-12cm
1cm
2cm
5cm
diameter of fallopian tubes
8-10mm
Another name for IIA is _______
Hypogastric artery
Cardinal lig
anchors cervix
