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Obstetrics and Gynecology > Embryology of the Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Embryology of the Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

the primitive gonadal and urinary systems develop at ____ time

A

the same

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2
Q

the primitive gonadal and urinary systems both arise from the ____ that initially takes the form of the _____ body

A

mesoderm
wolffian body

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3
Q

XX=
XY=

A

female
male

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4
Q

the sex of the embryo is determined at fertilization by the ____

A

sperm

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5
Q

the genital tracts of both males and female embryos remain the same up until ____

A

7 weeks

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6
Q

the germ cells that sex the embryo originate in the ____

A

yolk sac

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7
Q

the germ cells that sex the embryo originate in the ____. They differentiate from other germ cells and then migrate to the ____ ridge (______ side of the Wolffian duct)

A

yolk sac
gonadal
anteromedial

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8
Q

Wolffian ducts AKA

A

mesonephric ducts

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9
Q

in males, hormones (______) cause the differntiation and growth of the ______ and inhibit the ____

A

testes inducer
Wolffian ducts
Mullerian ducts

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10
Q

in males, primitive sex cords proliferate and give rise to the ____

A

testes

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11
Q

Mullerian ducts AKA and are paired with what

A

paramesonephric ducts
wolffian ducts

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12
Q

in females, with no male hormones, the Wolffian ducts ___ and the Mullerian ducts are stimulated by the ______ hormones (_____)

A

regress
maternal
estrogen

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13
Q

in females, the sex cords break up and are replaced by the _______, which forms the _____. A second group of cords, _____, develop, forming the _______

A

vascular stroma
ovarian medulla
cortical cords
ovarian cortex

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14
Q

Mullerian ducts form (3)

A

fallopian tubes
uterus
proximal vagina

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15
Q

the cranial ends of the mullerian ducts from the _____

A

fallopian tubes

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16
Q

the caudal ends of the mullerian ducts form the _____ and ___

A

uterus
upper vagina

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17
Q

the upper portion of the vagina originates from the ____and the lower portion from the ___

A

Mullerian ducts
urogenital sinus

18
Q

if the fusion of the upper and lower vagina is incomplete what will happen

A

an imperforate hymen will be the result

19
Q

primary amenorrhea

A

never had 1st period

20
Q

3 classifications of abnormal mullerian duct development

A

arrested development
failure of fusion
incomplete resorption

21
Q

arrested development

A

one or both mullerian ducts do not develop
agenesis or hypoplasia

22
Q

if both mullerian ducts do not develop = _____

A

uterine aplasia
hypoplasia or agenesis of the vagina, cervix, and fallopian tubes

23
Q

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH syndrome)

A

complete agenesis of the uterus and vagina
when both mullerian ducts do not develop

24
Q

if one mullerian duct doesn’t develop =

A

unicornuate uterus
communicating or non-communicating rudimentary horn

25
Q

failure of fusion

A

the Mullerian ducts develop but fail to fuse together

26
Q

4 results of failure of fusion

A

uterus didelphys
uterus bicornis bicollis
uterus bicornis unicollis
uterus arcutus

27
Q

uterus didelphys

A

2 complete systems
has higher association of renal agenesis

28
Q

uterus bicornis bicollis

A

2 uterus
2 ccervix
1 vagina

29
Q

uterus bicornis unicollis (AKA and what)

A

bicornuate uterus
2 uterine horns
1 cervix
1 vag

30
Q

uterus arcutus

A

1 of each but saddle shaped lumen

31
Q

what is the most common fusion anomaly seen on US
vs
the most common occurring anomaly

A

uterus bicornis unicollis (bicornuate uterus)
vs
uterus arcutus

32
Q

a bicornuate uterus has a serosal indent (____ of uterus) of greater than ____ at fundus

A

outside
10mm

33
Q

an arcuate uterus has an indentation of ___ at fundus

A

<1cm

34
Q

incomplete reabsorption (what/2 types)

A

the mullerian ducts fuse but the septum is not reabsorbed

uterus septus (full)
uterus subseptus (partial)

35
Q

what is the most commonly occuring of all mullerian anomalies

A

incomplete reabsorption

36
Q

why is incomplete reabsorption the poorest of reproductive outcomes

A

septus does not have a good vascular supply to support a pregnancy

37
Q

septate uterus has a serosal surface of ____ contour, and an indentation of more than ___ of the endometrium from the fundus

A

normal
1cm

38
Q

DES

A

drug prescribed to stop spontaneous abortion
interferes with development od mesenchyme of genital tract in utero
cause clear cell carcinoma of the vagina

39
Q

approximately ___ of DES-exposed women have uterine anomalies

A

69%

40
Q

most common DES anomaly

A

t shaped uterus (31%)

41
Q

serosal indentation = _____
no serosal indentation but septate = _____

A

bicornuate
(sub)septate

Obstetrics and Gynecology (6 decks)

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