2nd and 3rd Trimester Normal Fetal Heart Anatomy

Question 1

the heart begins to develop from the ____ a the ___ week and is fully formed by ____

Answer 1

mesoderm
5th
10th week

Question 2

the heart is routinely evaluated from ____to ___

Answer 2

18 weeks
term (40week)

Question 3

when is it best to evaluate heart

Answer 3

between 18-24 weeks

Question 4

heart sits ____ in the fetal chest

Answer 4

completely horizontal

Question 5

heart occupies ___ of fetal chest

Answer 5

1/3

Question 6

most post and ant chambers of the heart

Answer 6

post = LA
ant = RV

Question 7

the PA sits more ___ and ___ than aorta

Answer 7

ant
sup

Question 8

7 routine images of fetal heart

Answer 8

4 chamber heart
LVOT
RVOT
3 vessel view
IVS (horiz. 4ch)
heart axis/situs
heart rate (m-mode)

Question 9

fetal heart is comparable to an almond at ___ weeks

Answer 9

19

Question 10

what is used to prove which chamber the RV is in abnormal hearts

Answer 10

moderator band

Question 11

in LVOT image, the ant wall of the aorta should continue with the ___

Answer 11

IVS

Question 12

RVOT image demonstrates the RV with the ____

Answer 12

PA

Question 13

3 vessel view includes

Answer 13

PA
Ao
SVC

Question 14

when using m-mode you want to place the cursor over the heart area where you catch what

Answer 14

the wall of one atria and the one ventricle

Question 15

normal fetal heart rate

Answer 15

120-160

Question 16

under ___ BPM is concerning in the 1st trimester

Answer 16

100

Question 17

T/F in early pregnancies the heart may stop beating for a few seconds

Answer 17

T

Question 18

up to ____ BPM can be nromal in the 3rd trimester with fetal activity

Answer 18

180

Question 19

under ___ BPM sustained in the 2nd/3rd trimester = bradycardia

Answer 19

100

Question 20

over ___ BPM in the 2nd/3rd trimester =tachycardia

Answer 20

200

Question 21

6-12 s long cine clip includes

Answer 21

stomach
4Ch
LVOT
RVOT
3 vessel

Question 22

3 things in fetal circulation not in adults

Answer 22

ductus venosus
foramen ovale
ductus arteriosus

Question 23

ductus arteriosus shunts blood from ____ to ____ to bypass ___

Answer 23

PA
Aortic arch
lungs during fetal life

Question 24

T/F the ductus arteriosus remains open after delivery

Answer 24

F

Question 25

foramen ovale is an opening between

Answer 25

the atria

Question 26

with foramen ovale, blood flows from ___ to ___ which also helps to bypass the ___

Answer 26

RA LA lungs

Question 27

the foramen ovale flap opens into the ___

Answer 27

LA

Question 28

short axis view looks like what

Answer 28

PSAX

Question 29

IVC and SVC is in what plane

Answer 29

i think sag

Question 30

aortic arch looks like a

Answer 30

candy cane

Question 31

3 vessels of aortic arch

Answer 31

brachiocephalic artery left common carotid artery left subclavian artery

Question 32

ductal arch is what

Answer 32

RV with ductus joining the aorta

Question 33

ductal arch looks like

Answer 33

hockey stick

Question 34

there are ___ PV veins that bring ___ vlood from the lungs to the ___ in the newborn. On US, usually ___ are seen

Answer 34

4 oxygenated LA 2

Question 35

HLHS

Answer 35

hypotrophic left heart syndrome (L heart underdeveloped)

Question 36

IVC and SVC image AKA (2)

Answer 36

bicaval or long horn view