Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Obstetrics and Gynecology > Classification of Abortion > Flashcards

Classification of Abortion Flashcards

1
Q

SA vs TA

A

spontaneous abortion
therapeutic abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

miscarriage is synonymous with _____ abortion

A

spontaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

natural pregnancy loss is about ____ percent

A

25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

majority of SA occur between _____ weeks

A

5-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a fetal and maternal factor causing SA

A

RH incompatibility
mom RH- fetus RH+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the percentage of SA above 45 years

A

50 percent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

genetic factors account for _____ of fetal caused SA (not maternal reasons)

A

50-70 percent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 clinical signs of SA

A

vaginal bleeding
cramping
dilated cervix
uterine contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____ times more likely to miscarry with heavy bleeding than light bleeding

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

if vaginal bleeding occurs, ____ will lose the pregnancy

A

50 percent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

____ of moms who have vaginal bleeding but do not miscarry will have complications with the pregnancy such as PROM and preterm labour

A

17 percent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PROM

A

premature rupture of membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

threatened abortion

A

bleeding with a viable IU pregnancy

heart beet seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

embryonic demise

A

en embryo present but no heart beat or no fetus but GS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

SA with no retained parts

A

uterus is non gravid
no products of conception are seen within the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

at 6 weeks the GS occupies ____ of the total uterine cavity

A

<1/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

by 8 weeks the GS occupies ____ of the uterine cavity

A

1/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

by 10 weeks the GS occupies ____ of the uterus cavity

A

entirety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when does the GS occupy <1/2 of the uterus cavity

A

6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

when does the GS occupy 1/2 of the uterus cavity

A

8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

when does the GS occupy the entire uterus cavity

A

10 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

YS seen when MSD is ____ EV, and MSD is ____ TA

A

8mm
20mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

YS is measure ____ wall to ____ wall

A

inner
inner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

fetal pole seen when MSD ____ EV or MSD ___ TA

A

16mm
25mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
a 12 6/7 weeks normal intrauterine pregnancy ultrasound reduces the risk of loss by ___
1-2 percent
26
8 classifications of SA
threatened abortion anembryonic embryonic demise inevitable abortion incomplete abortion complete abortion habitual abortion septic abortion
27
threatened abortion definition, US, cervix, cramping, possibly what
vaginal bleeding in a pregnancy less than 20 weeks US shows normal pregnancy cervix is closed may have cramping possibly an implantation bleed
28
SCH
sub chorionic hematoma
29
DDX to a SCH
resolving coexisting twin or vanishing twin (if more round)
30
DDX
differential diagnoses
31
for a SCH we document location relative to ____, image in ___ planes, measure in ____ dimensions
GS 2 3
32
In a threatened abortion the following is worrisome: FHR _____ MSD-CRL = _____ ________ GS YS _______ or _____ YS
<90bpm <5mm irregularuy shaped >6mm calcified
33
anembryonic pregnancy (def, AKA, GS, embryo, YS, bleeding, pregnancy test, DDX)
a pregnancy which has failed prior to the development of an identifiable embryo AKA blighted ovum GS develops no embryo usually no YS yes to bleeding + pregnancy test DDX: pseudosac
34
US of anembryonic pregnancy uterus size: MSD size: _______ ring with _____ borders F/U in 10 days if GS ____
uterus small for dates MSD >25mm and no embryo seen trophoblastic ring with irregular borders F/U in 10 days if GS <25mm
35
F/U
follow up
36
embryonic demise (def, AKA, is fetus in uterus, _____ or greater embryo without FHR)
an early failed pregnancy that remains in the uterus AKA missed abortion fetus dies but remains in uterus 7mm or greater embryo without FHR
37
symptoms of embryonic demise (2)
bleeding may occur small for dates
38
embryonic demise often discovered between _______ weeks
10-14
39
a macerated fetus in an embryonic demise has an _____ fetal pole, _____ tissue, and the fetal tissue is ______
echopenic edematous breaking down
40
what is the Spalding sign and which abortion does it occur in
overlapping of skull bones seen in embryonic demis
41
why may the walls of the GS be irregular in an embryonic demise
placenta and sac may be in process of disintegration
42
inevitable abortion (def)
failed early pregnancy that is in the process of being expelled from the uterus
43
a patient experiencing an inevitable abortion presents with ____ and ____ and often has ____
active bleeding open cervix cramping
44
inevitable abortion on US (4)
open cervix sac low in uterus may see FHR but placenta is detached no vascularity surrounding GS with doppler
45
DDX to inevitable abortion
cervical ectopic pregnancy
46
how to determine if it is an inevitable abortion or an cervical ectopic pregnancy
The sliding sac sign = using pressure of transducer to see if structures move
47
incomplete abortion (def, AKA)
a SA in which some products of conception remain in the uterus AKA retained products of conception
48
what do you ask a patient if you think there is an incomplete abortion
ask if they have passed clots or tissue
49
sonographic appearance of an incomplete abortion (3)
enlarged uterus empty, poorly defined GS may not see a sac but some internal echoes not resembling a fetus
50
treatment for an incomplete abortion and embryonic demise (2)
expectant management: do nothing induce abortion
51
method of inducing abortion less than 14 weeks
D and C dilate cervix and then surgically remove the contents of the uterine cavity
52
method of inducing abortion more than 14 weeks
induction of labor using prostaglandin or hypertonic saline urea or D and E
53
D & C vs D & E
dilation and curretage (<14weeks) vs dilation and evacuation (>14 weeks)
54
what is the def of curretage
cleansing of a diseased surface
55
complete abortion def
all products of conception have passed, bleeding/cramping has decreased
56
sonographic appearance of complete abortion (3)
empty uterus enlarged uterus may see some blood whabithin the endometrial lining
57
Habitual abortions def
3 or more consecutive abortions
58
reasons for habitual abortions (5)
luteal failure retroverted uterus DES exposure (t shaped uterus) unicornuate uterus chromosomal abnormalities
59
septic abortion def, occurs when, symptoms (4)
infected products of conception may occur after either SA or induced abortion pain, fever, bleeding, discharge
60
sonographic appearance of septic abortion (3)
retained products thick endometrium if gas producing organisms = shadowing
61
TA are performed up to ____ for personal reasons/fetal abnormalities
21 weeks
62
from ____ to _____ TA can occur for any fetal abnormality
21w 1d 23w 6d
63
from ____ to ____ TA can occur if a lethal fetal abnormality is diagnosed
24 weeks term
64
selective abortions are performed for fetal ____ or fetal ____ in multiple gestation pregnancies
malformations reduction
65
role of sonography in TA (4)
dating of pregnancy diagnoses of masses/malformations that might hinder procedure localization of IUCD ultrasound guidance in difficult cases
66
post TA role of sonography (4 diagnoses)
unsuccessful termination perforation infection retained products
67
absent YS when MSD = ____ (EV) or ___ (TA) = suspicious
8mm 20mm
68
absent embryo when MSD = ___ (EV) or _____ (TA) = suspicious
16mm 25mm
69
absent FH when CRL > or equal to _____ = suspicious
7mm
70
suspicious if abnormal morphology of ___ or ___
GS YS

Obstetrics and Gynecology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions