Fecalysis Flashcards
Normal Fecal Specimens
Bacteria cellulose & other undigested foodstuff GI secretions Bile pigments cells Electrolytes Water
Macroscopic Examination
Black:
Red:
Pale Yellow/White/Gray:
Macroscopic Examination
Black: Upper GIT
Red: Lower GIT
Pale Yellow/White/Gray: Bile duct obstruction/Barium sulfate
Abnormally found in Stool
RBCs
Appearance
Cholera Typhoid Cystic Fibrosis (mucus) Bile duct obstruction/steatorrhea Intestinal constriction
Appearance
Cholera: Rice Watery Typhoid: Pea soup Cystic Fibrosis (mucus): Butter like Bile duct obstruction/steatorrhea: Bulky or Frothy Intestinal constriction: Ribbon like
Increased fats in stool
Steatorrhea
Steatorrhea
> 6g/day
Diarrhea
Stool weight:
Frequency:
Diarrhea
Stool weight: > 200g/day
Frequency: >3x/day
Abnormal excretion of muscle fibers in feces
Creatorrhea
Qualitative Fat determination
Method - Detected - Reagent
Neutral fat: _____ - ____________
Split Fat Stain: FA - _________
Qualitative Fat determination
Method - Detected - Reagent
Neutral fat: TAGs - 95% ethanol
Split Fat Stain: FA - 36% acetic acid
Positive for Fecal Fat determination (Quali)
> 60 Orange droplets/HPF
Gold standard - Diagnosis of Steatorrhea
Van de Kamer Titration
Van de Kamer Titration
Specimen: ______________
Van de Kamer Titration
Specimen: 3 days stool for 72/hrs
Screening Test for Colorectal Cancer
FOBT
FOBT
Principle: Screening: Significant: Chromogen Sensitive: Preferred:
FOBT
Principle: Pseudoperoxidase of Hb Screening: Colorectal cancer Significant: >2.5 ml blood/150g stool Chromogen Sensitive: Benzidine Preferred: Guaiac
Test for Creatorrhea
Reagent:
Counted:
Test for Creatorrhea
Reagent: 10% Eosin
Counted: Undigested Fibers/HPF
Trypsin Test (Gelatin Test)
Pancreatic Insufficiency - Cystic Fibrosis
Trypsin Test (Gelatin Test)
Clearing:
No Clearing;
Trypsin Test (Gelatin Test)
Clearing: Normal
No Clearing: Pancreatic Insufficiency - Cystic Fibrosis
Fecal Leukocytes/Neutrophils
Significant for Invasive Condition
3 Neut/HPF
Test to differentiate Fetal and Maternal Blood
APT Downey Test
APT Downey Test
Specimen:
Results
Pink solution - ___________
Yellow brown supernatant -__________
APT Downey Test
Specimen: Infant stool
Results
Pink solution - HbF (Fetal - alkali resistant)
Yellow brown supernatant - HbA (Maternal - denaturated by NaOH)
In 1% NaOH
HbF - _________
HbA - _________
In 1% NaOH
HbF - Alkali Resistant
HbA - Denaturated
Osmotic Diarrhea vs. Secretory Diarrhea
Mechanism: Osmotic Gap: Stool Na: Stool Output: pH:
Osmotic Diarrhea
Mechanism: Increase retention Osmotic Gap: >50 Stool Na: <60 Stool Output: <200g pH: < 5.3
Secretory Diarrhea
Mechanism: Increase secretion Osmotic Gap: <50 Stool Na: >60 Stool Output: >200g pH: > 5.6
