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Clinical Microscopy > Amniotic Fluid > Flashcards

Amniotic Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

Major Volume Contributor after 1st Trimester

A

Feta Urine

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2
Q

Method of Collection

A

Amniocentesis

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3
Q

Specimen Collection

Method of Collection:
Volume:

A

Specimen Collection

Method of Collection: Amniocentesis
Volume: 30mL @ 14th week gestation

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4
Q

Fetal Assessment

Genetic Defects:
Fetal Lung Maturity:
HDN:

A

Fetal Assessment

Genetic Defects: 2nd Trimester - Dow Syndrome
Fetal Lung Maturity: 3rd Trimester
HDN: 3rd Trimester

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5
Q

Assessed in 3rd Trimester

A

FLM

HDN

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6
Q

Assessed in 2nd Trimester

A

Genetic Defects - Trisomy 21

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7
Q

Color Appearance

Colorless:
Yellow:
Green;
Red:
Dark Red Brown:
A

Color Appearance

Colorless: Normal
Yellow: HDN
Green: Meconium
Red: Traumatic Tap
Dark Red Brown: Fetal Death
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8
Q

Normal Color of Amniotic Fluid

A

Colorless

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9
Q

Color - HDN

A

Yellow

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10
Q

Color - Red

A

Traumatic Tap

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11
Q

Color - Dark Red Brown

A

Fetal Death

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12
Q

INCREASED Fetal Swallowing of Urine

A

OLIGOhydramnios

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13
Q

DECREASED Fetal Swallowing of Urine

A

POLYhydramnios

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14
Q

Quadruple tests prior to performing amniocentesis

A

AFP
Unconjugated Estriol
hCG
Inhibin A

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15
Q

Amniotic Fluid vs. Maternal Urine

Protein:
Glucose:
Creatinine:
Urea:

A

Amniotic Fluid

Protein: +
Glucose: +
Creatinine: <3.5mg/dL
Urea: <30 mg/dL

Maternal Urine

Protein: -
Glucose: -
Creatinine: >10 mg/dL
Urea: >300 md/dL

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16
Q

Specimen Handling

HDN:
FLM:
Cytogenetic Study:

A

Specimen Handling

HDN: Protected from Light
FLM: Iced
Cytogenetic Study: Room Temp (37C)

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17
Q

Anhydramnios

A

Decreased volume amniotic fluid in amniotic sac

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18
Q

Amniotic fluid is immediately protected from light to preserve _________

A

Bilirubin

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19
Q

Reference Method to Test for FLM

A

L/S ratio

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20
Q

Interpret:

L/S Ratio. >2.0

A

Mature Fetal Lung

21
Q

Measured in Amniostat - FLM

A

Phosphatidyl glycerol

22
Q

Positive Result - Foam Shake Test

A

(+) Bubbles/Effervescence

23
Q

Foam Shake Test

Antifoaming agent:
Result:
Interpretation:

A

Foam Shake Test

Reagent: 95% Ethanol
Result: Bubble
Interpretation: FLM

24
Q

Lamellar Body Count in Adequate FLM

A

> /= 32, 000/uL

25
Q

OD 650

A

Lamellar Body

26
Q

Tests for HDN/Fetal Distress

A

Bilirubin

27
Q

Test results for Fetal Distress (Bilirubin) is plotted in ___________

A

Liley Graph

28
Q

Liley Graph

Zone 1: None/Mild - ___________________
Zone 2: Moderately - _________________
Zone 3: Severely - _______________

A

Liley Graph

Zone 1: None/Mild - No required intervention
Zone 2: Moderately - Close Monitoring
Zone 3: Severely - Requires Intervention - Exchange Transfusion

29
Q

Danger Zone

A

Zone 2

30
Q

Situation: Neonatal bilirubin exceeded 2nd zone
Remedy: ________________

A

Requires Intervention

31
Q

Situation: Neonatal bilirubin exceeded 1st zone
Remedy: ________________

A

Close Monitoring

32
Q

Test used to detect ruptured amnion

A

Fern Test

33
Q

Fern Test

Significance:
Result:

A

Fern Test

Significance: Ruptured amnion, Early Pregnancy
Result: Fern-like Crystals

34
Q

Neural Tube Defect

Screening:
Confirmatory:

A

Neural Tube Defect

Screening: AFP - increased
Confirmatory: Acetylcholinesterase - decreased

35
Q

Neural Tube Defect

Increased:
Decreased:

A

Neural Tube Defect

Increased: AFP
Decreased: Acetylcholinesterase

36
Q

Assess/Tests for Fetal Age

A

Creatinine

37
Q

AFP is Increased in

A

Neural Tube Defect

38
Q

AFP is Decreased in

A

Down Syndrome

39
Q

OD 450

A

Bilirubin

40
Q

Confirmatory Test for Neural Tube Defect

A

Acetylcholinesterase

41
Q

Creatinine Level

Prior to 36 weeks gestation:
36 weeks (9 months):
A

Creatinine Level

Prior to 36 weeks gestation: 1.5 - 2.0 mg/dL
36 weeks (9 months): > 2.0
42
Q

9 month old - Creatinine Level

A

> 2.0

43
Q

Pregnancy Testing - POCT

Specimen:
Principle:
Sensitivity:
Detected:
Anti-hCG source:
A

Pregnancy Testing - POCT

Specimen: First Morning
Principle: Enzyme Immunoassay
Sensitivity: 2-5 mIU/L
Detected: B-hcg
Anti-hCG source: Rabbit
44
Q

Most specific for subunit for Hcg

A

Beta subunit

45
Q

Hcg bioassays

Male Frog:
Female Frog:

A

Hcg bioassays

Male Frog: Hogben
Female Frog: Galli Mainini

46
Q

Hcg peaks at _____________

A

1st trimester

47
Q

Microviscosity is amniotic fluid is measured by _________

A

Flourescence Polarization

48
Q

FLM in Microviscosity

A

> 55 mg/grams of albumin

49
Q

Internal Standard

Microviscosity:
L/S ratio:

A

Internal Standard

Microviscosity: ALBUMIN
L/S ratio: SPINGOMYELIN

Clinical Microscopy (15 decks)

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