Anatomy of Kidney Flashcards
Basic structural &functional unit of the kidney
Nephrons
Trace - Urine Formation
- Glomerulus
- Proximal Convoluted
Tubule - Loop of Henle
- Distal Convoluted
Tubule - Collecting duct
- Calyx
- Renal pelvis
Trace - Travel of Blood in Kidneys
- Afferent Arteriole
- Glomerulus
- Efferent arteriole
- Peritubular Capillaries
- Vasa Recta
- Renal Vein
Renal Blood Flow
1200 ml/min
Renal Plasma Flow
600-700 m/min
1ST function to be affected in RENAL DISEASE
Tubular Reabsorption
Major site(65%) of Reabsorption & Secretion
PCT
Glucose renal threshold
160-180 mg/dL
Highly impermeable to water
Ascending Loop of Henle
A system that regulates blood flow to and within the
kidneys by responding to changes in blood pressure and plasma sodium
RAAS
From juxtaglomerular cells (kidney): ______________
From lungs: _____________
From liver: ______________
From juxtaglomerular cells (kidney):Renin
From lungs: ACE
From liver: Angiotensinogen
Regulates water reabsorption in the DCT and CD
ADH/AVP
Regulates Na(Sodium) reabsorption
Aldosterone
1st to Increase in Renal Disease
BUN
Kidney function Tests - Renal Blood Flow
BUN
Creatinine
BUA
Clearance Tests
Reference method:
Routine method:
Indirect Measure:
Clearance Tests
Reference method: Inulin Clearance Test
Routine method: Creatinine Clearance Test
Indirect Measure: Cystatin C
Variables - Cockgroft and Gault
Age
Weight
Serum Creatinine
Gender
Variables - MDRD
Ethnicity
Age
Serum Creatinine
BUN
Most commonly used calculated GFR estimate
Cockgroft and Gault
Calculated GFR that utilizes additional variables and does not include body weight
MDRD
Small protein produced by all nucleated cells; related to GFR
Cystatin C
Fishberg
24-hour water deprivation test
Mosenthal
Compared volume and specific gravity of day and night urine
1 -1.5 Million
Number of nephrons per kidney
Cortical
Nephrons that function in reabsorption and secretion
Juxtamedullary
Nephrons that function in urine concentration
Percent of cardiac output that the kidneys receive
25%
