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Clinical Microscopy > Anatomy of Kidney > Flashcards

Anatomy of Kidney Flashcards

1
Q

Basic structural &functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephrons

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2
Q

Trace - Urine Formation

A
  1. Glomerulus
  2. Proximal Convoluted
    Tubule
  3. Loop of Henle
  4. Distal Convoluted
    Tubule
  5. Collecting duct
  6. Calyx
  7. Renal pelvis
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3
Q

Trace - Travel of Blood in Kidneys

A
  1. Afferent Arteriole
  2. Glomerulus
  3. Efferent arteriole
  4. Peritubular Capillaries
  5. Vasa Recta
  6. Renal Vein
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4
Q

Renal Blood Flow

A

1200 ml/min

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5
Q

Renal Plasma Flow

A

600-700 m/min

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6
Q

1ST function to be affected in RENAL DISEASE

A

Tubular Reabsorption

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7
Q

Major site(65%) of Reabsorption & Secretion

A

PCT

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8
Q

Glucose renal threshold

A

160-180 mg/dL

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9
Q

Highly impermeable to water

A

Ascending Loop of Henle

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10
Q

A system that regulates blood flow to and within the
kidneys by responding to changes in blood pressure and plasma sodium

A

RAAS

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11
Q

From juxtaglomerular cells (kidney): ______________
From lungs: _____________
From liver: ______________

A

From juxtaglomerular cells (kidney):Renin
From lungs: ACE
From liver: Angiotensinogen

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12
Q

Regulates water reabsorption in the DCT and CD

A

ADH/AVP

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13
Q

Regulates Na(Sodium) reabsorption

A

Aldosterone

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14
Q

1st to Increase in Renal Disease

A

BUN

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15
Q

Kidney function Tests - Renal Blood Flow

A

BUN
Creatinine
BUA

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16
Q

Clearance Tests

Reference method:
Routine method:
Indirect Measure:

A

Clearance Tests

Reference method: Inulin Clearance Test
Routine method: Creatinine Clearance Test
Indirect Measure: Cystatin C

17
Q

Variables - Cockgroft and Gault

A

Age
Weight
Serum Creatinine
Gender

18
Q

Variables - MDRD

A

Ethnicity
Age
Serum Creatinine
BUN

19
Q

Most commonly used calculated GFR estimate

A

Cockgroft and Gault

20
Q

Calculated GFR that utilizes additional variables and does not include body weight

A

MDRD

21
Q

Small protein produced by all nucleated cells; related to GFR

A

Cystatin C

22
Q

Fishberg

A

24-hour water deprivation test

23
Q

Mosenthal

A

Compared volume and specific gravity of day and night urine

24
Q

1 -1.5 Million

A

Number of nephrons per kidney

25
Q

Cortical

A

Nephrons that function in reabsorption and secretion

26
Q

Juxtamedullary

A

Nephrons that function in urine concentration

27
Q

Percent of cardiac output that the kidneys receive

A

25%

Clinical Microscopy (15 decks)

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