Fat Metabolism Flashcards
where does digestion of fats begin
small intestine
what begins the breakdown of fat in small intestine
bile acids and bile salts
what enzyme breaks down fat
pancreatic lipase
describe the structure of lipoproteins (e.g. chylomicrons)
phospholipid membrane
cholesterol and apoproteins within membrane
triacylgylcerol centre
how are chylomicrons degraded
apoproteins activate lipoprotein lipase
chylomicron broken down into free fatty acids which enter the cell and glycerol which remains in the bloodstream
what inhibits and promotes fat synthesis in cells from glucose
insulin promotes
glucagon inhibits
why are there essential fatty acids
because we can’t add more double bonds past a certain threshold to form these fatty acids
what promotes and inhibits breakdown of ft to free fatty acids
promote - glucagon
inhibits - insulin
functions of cholesterol
component of cell membranes
steroid hormone and bile production
what is cholesterol made from
acetyl coA
how to statins work
inhibit HMG-CoA reductase which is an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis
how are bile acids related to bile salts
bile acids can be conjugated to make bile salts
how are bile salts/acids recycled
reuptaken in portal venous system and returned to liver
