Fat Burning exam 2 Flashcards
Linoleic acid
18:2w6
Naming the fats properly: Oic acid En Di Tri
Fatty acid
Double bonds
2 Number of double bonds
3 Number of double bonds
Linolenic acid
18:3w3
Arachidonic acid
20:4w6
Eicoapentaenoic acid
20:5w3
Docosahexaenoic acid
22:6w3
Palmaric acid
16:0
Stearic acid
18:0
Oleic acid
18:1w9
MAG
Monoacylglycerol
DAG
Diacylglycerol
TAG
Triacylglycerol three fatty acids attached to glycerol
A fatty acid
Carboxyl group and carbon chain
Acyl definition
An organic radical derived from an organic acid by the removal of the carboxylic hydroxyl group
Fatty acid attached to something
Acyl-CoA
Fatty acid attached to coenzyme A
Acyl carrier protein
Enzyme portion of fatty acid synthase
It holds an acyl group
Fat storage
TAGS
Three fatty acids on a glycerol ( saturated unsaturated or both)
Energy dense triglycerides
Reduced (lots of electrons)
Anhydrous (no water)
9kcal
Glycerol is attached to what chain
Long chain fatty acid
TAG broken down by what enzyme
ATGL
DAG Broken down by what enzyme
HSL
MAG broken down by what enzyme to form a free fatty acid
MGL
Lipoproteins are transported in the blood to where
Muscle and adipose tissue
What hydrolyzes TAGs
Extracellulsr enzyme LPL
Where is LPL produced?
Muscle and fat cells and must find its way to the lumen of the capillary (produced by target cells)
Lipoprotein lipase breaks down what
Breaks down surface of capillary(mostly skeletal muscle heart and adipose tissue)
Fatty acid
Glycerol
Lipoprotein lipase and muscle
FA oxidizes for energy
Lipoprotein lipase and adipose tissue
Re-esterfied to be store as TAGS
Lipoprotein lipase and exercise
Results in increase in skeletal muscles LPL
Diet and excess FA in the diet
Liver converts excess into VLDL transported I. Blood to adipocytes TAG removed (stored in lipid droplets)
Lipid droplets are what
Neutral lipids presents in cells especially adipocytes and are steroid synthesizing cells (adrenal cortex ovary testes)
Lipid droplets are where
Present in almost all cells
Where are TAG mostly stored
Larger amounts are in Subcutaneous and viscera, adipose tissue while smaller amounts are in Skeletal muscle fibers (1-2%)
Type I fibers have more…
Aerobic more mitochondria (oxidize more FA) store 2-3x more fat the Type II
IMTGs…
Fat storage depot if there are a lot of lipids available and are a source of FA to be used during exercise (increased energy expenditure)
IMTGs and normal populations
Have lower IMTG concentration and moderate insulin sensitivity
IMTG and athletes
Have elevated oxidative capacity higher concentrations of IMTG and greater insulin sensitivity
IMTG and obese individuals
Have higher IMTG concentration and low insulin sensitivity
Exercise … IMTG
Decreases
IMTG Post exercise ….
Increases