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Paper 2 Sociology- Family's and Households > Family diversity- Marriage trends > Flashcards

Family diversity- Marriage trends Flashcards

1
Q

What are Murdocks believe about marriage?

A

Studied 250 society’s concluding the nuclear family’s universal
Any other family structure that diverted tradition are extensions or reductions

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2
Q

What is monogamy?

A

People in a relationship with 1 partner

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3
Q

What are 2 alternatives to the nuclear family?

A

Polyandry
Polygyny

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4
Q

What is polyandry?

A

A women as multiple husbands

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5
Q

Example of polyandry?

A

In Nyinba
Polyandry’s normal here
a positive is that there’s always someone to help out at home

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6
Q

What is polygyny?

A

Husband with multiple different wives

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7
Q

Example of polygyny?

A

Sobtenga
Sisters married to 1 man
+ sisters share domestic duty and childcare
- Can be expensive, only for the rich

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8
Q

What are the 2 marriage alternative?

A

Serial Monogamy
Cohabitation

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9
Q

What is serial monogamy?

A

You’ll be married to one person then divorce then repeat

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10
Q

Reasons for rise of monogamy?

A

Media influence
Secularisation
Less value of marriage
Easier to divorce

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11
Q

What is cohabitation?

A

Living with a partner but not married to them or in a civil partnership

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12
Q

Trends in cohabitation?

A

Doubled over last 20 yrs
2.9 mill hetosecual cpuples and 69,000 same sex couples cohabitation
1938 4% babies had unmarried parents vs now 51%

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13
Q

How does new right Morgan criticise cohabitation?

A

Evidence showing that cohabiting couples are less happy and fulfilled than those married
More likely to suffer abuse, stressful and unfaithful relationships causing split ups

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14
Q

How does new right Murphy criticise cohabitation?

A

Suggests that children whose parents live together but are not married get worse result at school, leve education earlier and have a high risk of developing illness (Found via ONS)

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15
Q

Critics of new right?

A

Reason for bad health can be down to living arrangements and poverty

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16
Q

Why are Beaujouan and Ni Bhrolchain’s critical of new rights position of cohabitation?

A

-Cohab is normal 80% said they would do this
-Trial run for couples
-Not long term solutions 5/10 people will be married after 4/10 split up and 1/10 still living together
-Screens out weaker relationships
-Can be practical due to financial restraints

17
Q

What is the overall trend of marriage?

A

General marriage rate is in steep decline
This is the number of men and women getting married in any year per 1000 men and women aged 16 and over who are unmarried (single, widowed and married)

18
Q

Reasons for GMR in decline?

A

Social policy
Increased value of marriage
Improved health fertility so no rush to get married
-Increased d rate deterring people from marriage
-Secularisation
-Feminist views
-Increased cost of weddings
-Career driven
-Women no longer need to marry for financial stability due to being in workforce

19
Q

Trends in marriage?

A

People marrying later
-Social class divide in marriage, marriage m/c institution
-Ethnic variations in marriage
-Same sex marriages

20
Q

Trends in marriage- People marrying later?

A

1972 mean age of first marriage was 24.9 for men and 22.9 for women
Now 32/.4 male and 30.3 for women

21
Q

Trends in marriage- Social class divide in marriage, marriage m/c institution?

A

In 2012- 66.3% of professionals in social class 1 were married in contrast to 44.5% of social class 7, unskilled manual workers

22
Q

Trends in marriage- Ethnic variations in marriage?

A

Berthoud suggests 3/4 of Pakistani and Bangladeshi women are married by aged 25 compared to over half of white women
Black African Caribbeans least likely to get married

23
Q

Trends in marriage- same sex marriges?

A

-Introduction of civil partnership act 2005 and same sex marriages law in 2014 impacted marriage trends
-25-29 yr olds= 741 women and 339 men
-Under 20= 4 men and 10 women
-30-34= 1000-1250 470 men 705 women

24
Q

What are LATS (Levin 2004)?

A

Living apart together
-People in long term committed intimate relationship defining themselves as a couple but don’t live together

25
Q

Are LATS pure relationships?

A

Enables couples to pursue intimacy or relationship whilst maintaining autonomy and individual identity

26
Q

Why is there an increase of LATS?

A

-Increase in divorce so less willingness to commit to living together
-Children from past relationships involved
-Difficulty maintaining job in same areas as partners
-Modern technology mean closer links can be maintained between partners

Paper 2 Sociology- Family's and Households (20 decks)

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