Demography- Death rates and life expectancy

Question 1

Trends of death rates and ageing population?

Answer 1

1902 DR 18 per 100
IMR- 142 per 1000 liver births
Currently- DR- 9 per 100
IMR 3= 4.1 per 1000

Question 2

Life expectancy today?

Answer 2

Men= 79
Women= 83

Question 3

What are death rates?

Answer 3

Sometimes known as the mortality rates
Number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year

Question 4

What is life expectancy?

Answer 4

An estimate of how long the average person can be expected to live

Question 5

What is infant mortality rate?

Answer 5

The number of deaths of babies in the first year of life per 1000 live births per year

Question 6

Reasons for decreasing DR?

Answer 6

-Hygiene, sanitation and knowledge
-Higher living standards
-Welfare state
-Improved working conditions
-Medical advancements

Question 7

Reasons for decreasing DR -Hygiene, sanitation and knowledge?

Answer 7

-Public hygiene: Improved massively in sewer system and running water
-Improved education: Awareness of infections causes and understanding of good and own health
-Eliminations of epidemics: Knowledge leading to elimination if epidemics e.g. cholera
-Better nutrients and diet: Understanding of healthy eating and exercise

Question 8

Reasons for decreasing DR -Higher living standards?

Answer 8

-Wages and amenities: High wages, better food, more aplliance in home
-Conditions in home: Less damp, inside toilets better
-Transportation and food technology: Improved transportation and food tech meaning wider range of food available to be stored longer

Question 9

Reasons for decreasing DR-Welfare state?

Answer 9

Welfare state was a safety net of care established in 1948, provided a state safety net of care for all members of population from cradle to grave
-Tackiling problems with poverty and unemployment via NHS, state education, job centers, free school meals and the giant evils of society

Question 10

Reasons for decreasing DR-Improved working conditions?

Answer 10

Technology: Taken over health damaging tasks and factory machinery is safer than it was 100 yrs ago, illegal child labour
-Health and safety and working hours: Higher standards, shorter working hours and more leisure time
Not felt equally among all professions though e.g nurses

Question 11

Reasons for decreasing DR-Medical advancements?

Answer 11

-Advancement in medicine and science: Vaccines and developmental penicillin and antibiotics, childhood illnesses prevented such as measles and whooping cough
-Surgery and medical advancements: Advancement in surgery and medical tech such as transplants

Question 12

Whats the UKs biggest killer?

Answer 12

Cancer and heart desies

Question 13

What is the biggest factor of a decreased life expectency- Mckeown?

Answer 13

Improbment of standard of living
More important then technology

Question 14

Why arent these imporbmets felt by all members of society?

Answer 14

-Post code lottery (one person may have a good area or hospitals and schools vs someone may not)
-Social class
-Inequality of health
-Universal care of law (People needing care are most likely to get it and those that most need it are least likely)
-Occupational health problmen (rise in work in machinary)
-Work related stress (mental health gone physical)
-Food banks (People living from food banks vs those who have more than enough food)

Question 15

Consequence of increased life expectancy?

Answer 15

-Greater dependency ratio (too many people need pensions and not enough working)
-Ageing population
-Decreased birth rate
-Demand on state private and informal elderly care
-Modified extended family increase
-Cost to state, more elderly more care home
-More divorce and remarriages e.g. silver splitters
-Sandwich generation (Parents caring for kids and parents)