Failure Of Fourth Crusade Flashcards
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What event caused mistrust between Byzantium and the Crusaders?
The Second Crusade (1147–1149) led to accusations against Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos for undermining the crusaders by negotiating with Muslims.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What perception did Latins have about Byzantium’s priorities?
Latins believed Byzantium prioritized its own interests over those of Christendom.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What was the Great Schism?
The Great Schism (1054) deepened the divide between Catholic and Orthodox Christianity.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What happened during the Massacre of the Latins in 1182?
Thousands of Western merchants and residents were killed in Constantinople.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What event in 1171 escalated Venetian hostility towards Byzantium?
Emperor Manuel I arrested 10,000 Venetians.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: How did Latin support for Prince Alexius IV in 1203 affect Byzantine perceptions?
Byzantines viewed the crusaders as opportunists rather than allies, increasing tensions.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What alliance did Isaac II Angelos form in the 1190s?
Isaac II Angelos formed an alliance with Saladin, further fueling Latin distrust.
Byzantine-Latin Feud Since the Second Crusade: What was the Byzantine response to the Third Crusade?
The Byzantines refused to assist in recapturing Jerusalem, worsening relations.
Poor Organisation/Accident: What was the expected number of crusaders versus the actual number that arrived in Venice?
The crusaders expected 33,500 participants but only 12,000 arrived.
Poor Organisation/Accident: What debt did the crusaders incur to Venice?
The crusaders incurred an 85,000-mark debt to Venice, forcing them to attack Zara in 1202.
Poor Organisation/Accident: What leadership issues affected the crusade?
The early death of Theobald of Champagne and inconsistent leadership from Boniface of Montferrat created instability.
Poor Organisation/Accident: What was Innocent III’s role in the crusade?
Innocent III, who called for the crusade, failed to provide clear direction.
Poor Organisation/Accident: What event diverted the crusade from its original target?
The attack on Zara diverted the crusade from its original target of Egypt.
Poor Organisation/Accident: Why did crusaders attack Constantinople?
After Alexius IV’s failure to deliver promised payments, crusaders saw attacking Constantinople as their best option.
Deliberate Diversion/Greed: What were Venetian interests in the Byzantine Empire?
Venice suffered setbacks in Constantinople due to anti-Venetian policies, leading Doge Enrico Dandolo to see the crusade as an opportunity to expand influence.
Deliberate Diversion/Greed: What was Philip of Swabia’s interest in the crusade?
Philip of Swabia, married to Irene (sister of Alexius IV), had a vested interest in restoring Alexius IV to the throne.
Deliberate Diversion/Greed: What was Boniface of Montferrat’s connection to the Byzantine court?
Boniface of Montferrat had ties to the Byzantine court and likely favored the diversion for personal gain.
Deliberate Diversion/Greed: Why was Constantinople an attractive target for the crusaders?
Constantinople was the wealthiest city in Christendom, making it an attractive target.
Deliberate Diversion/Greed: What financial expectations did the crusaders have from Alexius IV?
The crusaders had received 100,000 silver marks from Alexius IV and expected further riches.
Deliberate Diversion/Greed: What happened when Alexius IV failed to deliver on his promises?
When Alexius IV failed to deliver, the crusaders sacked Constantinople in 1204.
