Byzantine Relation Question 1160s Till 1184 Flashcards
Events from 1169 to 1182: What event occurred in 1169 involving Byzantium and the Franks?
The Byzantine-Frankish Campaign in Egypt, where Manuel I and Amalric of Jerusalem allied to invade Egypt, but the siege of Damietta failed.
Latins blamed Byzantium for the failure, increasing resentment.
Events from 1169 to 1182: What was a counterargument regarding the failure of the siege of Damietta?
Manuel I provided naval support and funds, but Latin mistakes also led to failure.
Events from 1169 to 1182: What significant battle occurred in 1176?
The Battle of Myriokephalon, where Byzantium was defeated by the Seljuks, leading Latins to see them as militarily weak.
Events from 1169 to 1182: What happened in 1180?
The death of Manuel I Komnenos, after which his son Alexios II ruled under his Latin mother Maria, who favored Western merchants.
Events from 1169 to 1182: What event occurred in 1182 that affected Latin-Byzantine relations?
The Latin Massacre in Constantinople, led by Andronikos I, where thousands of Latins were killed, destroying relations permanently.
The massacre was not official Byzantine policy; Andronikos I was overthrown in 1185.
Events Pre-1169: What was the Great Schism of 1054?
A mutual excommunication over the Filioque Clause, where Latins saw Byzantines as heretics.
Events Pre-1169: What role did Byzantium play in the First Crusade (1096-1099)?
Byzantines helped Crusaders but secretly took Nicaea, causing mistrust.
Alexios provided food and reinforcements; his actions were pragmatic, not hostile.
Events Pre-1169: What was the impact of Frankish control of Antioch?
Bohemond ruled Antioch, removed Orthodox bishops, which angered Byzantines.
Events Pre-1169: What was the reign of John II Komnenos (1118-1143) characterized by?
An attempt to recover Antioch but faced Frankish resistance.
Events Pre-1169: What happened during Raynald of Châtillon’s attack on Cyprus in 1156?
He plundered Cyprus, but Manuel I forced him into submission in 1159.
Manuel I maintained some diplomatic ties, even marrying a Frankish princess.
Events Post-1182 Until 1204: What occurred during the Norman Invasion of Thessalonica in 1185?
William II of Sicily sacked the city, exposing Byzantium’s weakness.
Events Post-1182 Until 1204: What happened during the Third Crusade (1189-1192)?
Isaac II betrayed the Crusaders, causing near-war with Germany.
Isaac was defending his empire and saw Crusaders as a threat.
Events Post-1182 Until 1204: What were the Venetian-Byzantine Trade Wars?
Frequent clashes, such as the 1171 mass arrest of Venetians, worsened relations.
Events Post-1182 Until 1204: What was the outcome of the Fourth Crusade in 1204?
Crusaders, led by Venice, attacked and looted Constantinople, leading to the collapse of Latin-Byzantine relations.
Internal Byzantine power struggles, such as Alexios III fleeing with the treasury, made them vulnerable.
