Factors Influencing Health Status U3 AOS1 Flashcards
Apply Australia’s health status data, and analyze variations in health status.
How many years of healthy life is lost each year?
5.5 million years
What four factors contribute to around 25% of the total burden in Australia?
smoking and vaping
alcohol
overweight and obesity
nutritional imbalance (under-consumption of fruit and vegetables and dairy foods; high intake of fat, salt and sugar; and low intake of fibre).
Why is smoking a concern
In 2018 smoking was responsible for 9.3% of the total burden of disease and injury,making it the NUMBER ONE risk factor that should be prevented and modified so that risks and impacts of smoking are minimised
So that risks and impacts on health are minimised
Smoking and Vaping
What health risks are associated with smoking
- Cardiovascular disease
- Respiratory conditions
- Lung, mouth and stomach cancer
- Back pain and problems
- Parental and Infancy issues
- Increased risk of infection
Smoking and Vaping
How does tobacco smoke increase blood pressure and heart rate
Tobacco smoke reduces oxygen in the blood
Smoking and Vaping
How does smoking contribute to atherosclorosis
Chemicals in tobacco smoking speeds up the process of atherosclorosis
this can lead to heart attack and stroke
Smoking and Vaping
How can smoking lead to cancer?
Smoking can cause a fault in body cells as they divide leading to cancerous tumours.
Smoking and Vaping
What are the parental and infancy issues associated with smoking
Smoking reduces blood flow to the baby, as a result the baby does not recieve enough nutrients needed for optimal growth and development. Increasing the risk of having a baby with a low birth weight
Smoking and Vaping
How does smoking influence respiratory health?
Tobacco smoke damages the airways, which contributes to a number of respiratory conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Smoking and Vaping
How does smoking cause back pain?
Smoking reduces blood flow to the cells in the spine, then the discs that provide protection to the verterbrae do not recieve enough nutrients and oxygen.
This results in degradation and back pain
Smoking and Vaping
What are the impacts of second hand smoking
Children are more prone to infectious diseases
Smoking and Vaping
How does smoking increase the risk of infection
Exposure to tobacco smoke can weaken immunity, hence one can easily contracts infectious diseases such as upper respiratory tract infections and pneumonia
Alcohol
What does alcohol contain that can increase the chances of weight gain?
Kilojoules
Kilojoules are a measure of energy that can lead to obesity.
Alcohol
What are some conditions that obesity is a risk factor for?
- Type 2 diabetes
- Cardiovascular disease
- Some cancers
Obesity can significantly impact overall health and increase the risk of various diseases.
Alcohol
What harmful chemical is created when alcohol is metabolised?
A chemical that can damage DNA
This damage can lead to the growth of cancerous tumours
Alcohol
Name some types of cancer associated with alcohol consumption.
- Mouth
- Throat
- Stomach
- Bowel
- Liver
- Breast
These cancers are linked to the DNA-damage that occurs when alcohol is metabolised
Alcohol
How does excessive alcohol consumption affect the liver?
Alcohol is filtered through the liver and It can cause inflammation and scarring of liver tissue
This can lead to chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Alcohol
What is a significant cause of burden of disease attributable to alcohol use?
Falls and road traffic injuries
Alcohol affects judgement and motor control, increasing the risk of accidents.
Alcohol
What can alcohol consumption during pregnancy lead to?
- Premature birth
- Low birth weight
- Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
These outcomes can have serious implications for both the mother and child.
