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FSS - GEOGRAPHY > F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2 > Flashcards

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 causes of Drought?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Abnormally low rainfall
Extreme high temperatures
Large scale deforestation

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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2
Q

When is the rainy season of China fall in general?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

May to September

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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3
Q

In China, which factor affect the amount of rainfall received?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

The strength and onset of the monsoons

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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4
Q

How does monsoon affect rainfall received in Southern and Eastern China?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Less rainfall received when
Summer monsoon is weak or arrives late
Winter monsoon is strong or arrives early

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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5
Q

Why prolonged and extreme high temperature trigger drought?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Speed up the evaporation of water from water
> reduce water supply
> drought more likely to occur

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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6
Q

Why is drought more likely to occur in recent years?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Global climate change has brought more extreme weather events
> more heat waves and abnormally low rainfall

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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7
Q

In China, where large-scale deforestation has been carried out?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Upper and middle courses of Chang Jiang and Huang He

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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8
Q

Why does large scale deforestation increase the risk of drought?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Disrupt water cycle
> results in a drier climate
> less rainfall

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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9
Q

How does large scale deforestation disrupt water cycle?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Deforestation increase
> vegetation cover decrease
> transpiration decrease
> condensation decrease
> cloud amount decrease
> rainfall decrease
> interception and infiltration decrease
> groundwater storage decrease

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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10
Q

What are improper human activities intensify the impact of drought?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A
  • High water demand
  • Inefficient use of water resource
  • Serious water pollution

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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11
Q

In China, what are the reasons lead to high water demand?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A
  • Rapid Population growth
  • Rapid economic development

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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12
Q

In China, where are low water resource per capita happened?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Eastern China, cities like Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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13
Q

What does People in Beijing do to meet their water demand? What does this action lead to?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Extract groundwater
Over-extraction of groundwater > groundwater lower than water table > land subsidence occur

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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14
Q

What happens when water is not used efficiently?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Water is wasted

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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15
Q

What are the reasons cause inefficient use of water resources / loss of water?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A
  • Low adoption rate of water-saving irrigation technology
  • Poor production technologies
  • Water pipe leakages
  • Low water price
  • Weak conservation awareness

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

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16
Q

In 2020, What is the percentage of farmland that adopts water-savings irrigation technology in China compared with more developed countries?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

China: 55%
More developed countries: 80%

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

17
Q

In 2020, What is the percentage of food production per m3 of irrigation water used in China compared with more developed countries?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

China: < 2kg
More developed countries: about 3 kg

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

18
Q

In China, what is the main reason of water pollution?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Discharge sewage and solid waste into water bodies (E.g. rivers)

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

19
Q

What are the impacts of water pollution?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Reduce amount of clean water people can use

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

20
Q

In China, where does the serious water pollution happen and why?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

In coastal areas of China
Because dense population and rapid economic development

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

21
Q

What do you usually find in the area with serious water pollution problem?

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

A

Solid waste piles up along river banks
Bad smell is produced from water

F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2

FSS - GEOGRAPHY (38 decks)

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