F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2 Flashcards
What are the 3 causes of Drought?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Abnormally low rainfall
Extreme high temperatures
Large scale deforestation
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
When is the rainy season of China fall in general?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
May to September
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In China, which factor affect the amount of rainfall received?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
The strength and onset of the monsoons
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
How does monsoon affect rainfall received in Southern and Eastern China?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Less rainfall received when
Summer monsoon is weak or arrives late
Winter monsoon is strong or arrives early
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Why prolonged and extreme high temperature trigger drought?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Speed up the evaporation of water from water
> reduce water supply
> drought more likely to occur
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Why is drought more likely to occur in recent years?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Global climate change has brought more extreme weather events
> more heat waves and abnormally low rainfall
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In China, where large-scale deforestation has been carried out?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Upper and middle courses of Chang Jiang and Huang He
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Why does large scale deforestation increase the risk of drought?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Disrupt water cycle
> results in a drier climate
> less rainfall
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
How does large scale deforestation disrupt water cycle?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Deforestation increase
> vegetation cover decrease
> transpiration decrease
> condensation decrease
> cloud amount decrease
> rainfall decrease
> interception and infiltration decrease
> groundwater storage decrease
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
What are improper human activities intensify the impact of drought?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
- High water demand
- Inefficient use of water resource
- Serious water pollution
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In China, what are the reasons lead to high water demand?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
- Rapid Population growth
- Rapid economic development
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In China, where are low water resource per capita happened?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Eastern China, cities like Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
What does People in Beijing do to meet their water demand? What does this action lead to?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Extract groundwater
Over-extraction of groundwater > groundwater lower than water table > land subsidence occur
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
What happens when water is not used efficiently?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Water is wasted
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
What are the reasons cause inefficient use of water resources / loss of water?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
- Low adoption rate of water-saving irrigation technology
- Poor production technologies
- Water pipe leakages
- Low water price
- Weak conservation awareness
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In 2020, What is the percentage of farmland that adopts water-savings irrigation technology in China compared with more developed countries?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
China: 55%
More developed countries: 80%
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In 2020, What is the percentage of food production per m3 of irrigation water used in China compared with more developed countries?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
China: < 2kg
More developed countries: about 3 kg
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In China, what is the main reason of water pollution?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Discharge sewage and solid waste into water bodies (E.g. rivers)
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
What are the impacts of water pollution?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Reduce amount of clean water people can use
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In China, where does the serious water pollution happen and why?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
In coastal areas of China
Because dense population and rapid economic development
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
What do you usually find in the area with serious water pollution problem?
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
Solid waste piles up along river banks
Bad smell is produced from water
F2 - SEM1 - What is drought - 4.2
