F ... 26 - Plant Nutrition Flashcards
plants need ___ to grow.
light
water
nutrients
how do plants acquire most elements?
absorbed as inorganic ions from soil
how many essential elements?
17
what makes an element essential?
needed to complete life cycle
lack thereof = deficiencies
macronutrients
C O H
N P K
Mg Ca S
micronutrients
Mo Fe B Cl Zn Cu Mn Ni
C, O, H compose how much needed elements?
95%
Function of C, O, H
organic processes
Function of N
amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophylls, etc…
Function of K
ion balance, stomata control
Function of Ca
cell wall components
Function of Mg
chlorophyll cofactor
Function of P
ATP, ADP
Function of S
amino acids, proteins
phytoremediation
extraction of specific element from soil into plant, can then be removed
“cleaning” soil
Availability of nutrients in the soil is greatly affected by what?
soil pH
95% N in soil is ___
organic (unavailable, must be broken down by bacteria)
[ NH4+, NO3-]
major uptake of nutrients occurs where?
roots!
how does nutrient uptake through roots occur?
diffusion
incr. root area = incr. uptake
Plants can increase uptake by…
increasing root length
increasing root surface area
means to increase root surface area
mycorrhiza
nodules
root hairs
mycorrhiza
mutually beneficial association bt fungus and root
nodule
small swelling on legume root, N-fixing bacteria