2 ... 17 - Fruit Flashcards
functions of fruit
- protects enclosed seeds
2. aids in dispersal by wind/animals
define fruit
mature ovary (ovaries) plus any accessory parts from surrounding flower
simple fruit
devs from single ovary or carpel
can be fleshy or dry
parts of a fruit
- endocarp = inner
- mesocarp = middle
- exocarp = outer
Not all are found on every fruit
types of simple fleshy fruits
berry hesperidium drupe pepo pome
berry
simple fleshy
soft, fleshy fruit wall
slimy inside
grape, tomato
hesperidium
simple fleshy
berry with tough, leathery rind (peel)
orange, lemon, other citrus
drupe
simple fleshy
outer wall soft, fleshy (exo/meso) and hard, stony endo
pepo
simple fleshy
fleshy with tough outer rind
squash, pumpkin, melon, cucumber
pome
simple fleshy
devs from enlarged base of perianth (corolla and calyx) fused with ovary wall
simple dry fruits
dry pericarp at maturity
types of simple dry fruits
dehiscent - split open at maturity
- capsule
- legume
indehiscent - do not split
- caryopsis
- nut
capsule
dry at maturity, splits open at several seams
cotton
legume
dry at maturity, split along two seams
pea pods, peanut
indehiscent fruits
do not split open, usually contain a single seed
