Eyes, ears, and mouth

Question 1

How do you use an otoscope?

Answer 1

pull ear up and backward

Question 2

Normal appearance of tympanic membrane

Answer 2

pearly white

Question 3

Tuning fork

Answer 3

used to conduct hearing signals/ conduction

Question 4

Caruncle

Answer 4

lacrimal duct, pressure here for eye meds to prevent drainage and systemic side effects

Question 5

Direct light reflex

Answer 5

pupil constriction of respective eyes

Question 6

consensual light reflex

Answer 6

light shined in one eye, and the opposite eye simultaneously constricts
- bilateral pupil constriction

Question 7

Fixation

Answer 7

the eye is attracted reflexively moves toward an object drawing a persons attention

Question 8

Accommodation

Answer 8

eye adaption in a setting of near vision
- eyes refocus appropriately

Question 9

Scotoma

Answer 9

blind spot noted in setting of glaucoma or other pathology

Question 10

Strabismus/ diplopia

Answer 10

2 images of 1 object: deviation of 2 eyes parallel areas
- double vision

Question 11

Confrontation test

Answer 11

screens for peripheral vision loss

Question 12

Hirschberg test (corneal light reflex)

Answer 12

evaluates extraocular muscle function
- reflection of light in both corneas

Question 13

Diagnostic positions test

Answer 13

evaluates extraocular muscle function
- 6 cardinal gazes

Question 14

Nystagmus

Answer 14

fine oscillating movement around the iris

Question 15

what is a normal pupil measurement

Answer 15

2-3 mm

Question 16

pin point pupils may indicate

Answer 16

opioid overdose

Question 17

Fixed and dilated pupils may indicate

Answer 17

brain trauma/ brain death (no constriction with light)

Question 18

PERRLA

Answer 18

pupils round equal reactive to light and accommodating

Question 19

Exophthalmos

Answer 19

eye protrusion
(Grave’s disease)

Question 20

Mydriasis

Answer 20

Pupil dilation associated with trauma, acute glaucoma, CNS injury, deep anesthesia

Question 21

Miosis

Answer 21

pupil constriction associated with narcotic use and glaucoma treatment via pilocarpine drops