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Health Assessment > breast, axillae, lymphatics, thorax, lungs > Flashcards

breast, axillae, lymphatics, thorax, lungs Flashcards

1
Q

tail of spence

A

superior lateral corner that projects up and into the axilla

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2
Q

Montgomery glands

A

small elevated sebaceous glands
secrete protective lipid material during lactation

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3
Q

the breast is composed of

A

glandular tissue
fibrous connective tissue and suspensory ligaments
adipose tissue

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4
Q

coopers ligaments

A

fibrous connective breast ligaments attaching to chest wall

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5
Q

mastalgia

A

pain or tenderness of the breasts

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6
Q

lump questions

A

evaluate time of ID
any changes

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7
Q

galactorrhea

A

clear nipple discharge may be associated with meds

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8
Q

lumpectomy

A

localized tissue removal

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9
Q

mastectomy

A

complete removal of entire breast tissue

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10
Q

risk factors for breast cancer

A

BRCA gene
family history

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11
Q

gynecomastia

A

enlargement of mammary tissue
- Cushings syndrome
- liver cirrhosis
- hyperthyroidism

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12
Q

Breast cancer in MALES

A

fixed area, hard, nontender, irregular
- NIPPLE DISCHARGE is a significant warning

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13
Q

suprasternal notch

A

U shaped depression just above sternum, between clavicles

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14
Q

sternum

A

breastbone
- manubrium body & Xiphoid process

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15
Q

Sternal angle

A

“angle of Louis”
at the articulation of the manubrium and sternum
- continuous with second rib

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16
Q

costal angle

A

R/L costal margins form an angle where they meet @ Xiphoid process

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17
Q

vertebra prominens

A

flex your head and feel for the most prominent bone protruding at the base of the neck

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18
Q

spinous process

A

knobs on the spinal column

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19
Q

12th rib

A

midway between spine and person side

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20
Q

4 major functions of the respiratory system

A
  • supply O2 to the body for energy production
  • remove CO2 as a waste product
  • maintain homeostasis (acid base balance) of arterial blood
  • maintaining heat exchange
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21
Q

hypercapnia

A

increased levels of CO2

22
Q

Hypoxemia

A

decrease in O2 levels

23
Q

what is the second most diagnosed cancer in humans?

A

lung cancer

24
Q

yellow/green sputum

A

Bacterial infection

25
Q

white/ clear sputum

A

viral infections, bronchitis, colds

26
Q

rust color sputum

A

Pneumonia or TB

27
Q

frothy pink sputum

A

pulmonary edema

28
Q

Who would you see barrel chest and accessory muscle use in?

A

COPD

29
Q

cyanosis is a LATE sign of ?

A

Hypoxia

30
Q

Tactile fremitus

A

vibration on palpation “99”

31
Q

increased fremitus could mean

A

consolidation
- pneumonia

32
Q

decreased fremitus could mean

A

obstruction
-PE, hemo/pneumothorax

33
Q

Resonance

A

clear low pitch hollow sound

34
Q

hyperresonance

A

booming sound
- emphysema/ pneumothorax

35
Q

dull

A

muffled soft thud

36
Q

Bronchial sounds

A

over the trachea/larynx, high pitch, loud, expiration, harsh, hallow, tubular,

37
Q

Bronchovesicular sounds

A

Over major bronchi, moderate pitch, insp=expir, moderate amplitude, mixed quality

38
Q

Vesicular sounds

A

peripheral lung fields, low pitch, soft, rustling

39
Q

Adventitious sounds characterized by

A

inspiration/ expiration
loudness
pitch
anatomical location

40
Q

fine crackles

A

high pitch, short, discontinuous, popping sounds
- inspiration

41
Q

fine crackles associated with

A

pneumonia/ HF

42
Q

coarse crackles are associated with

A

advanced lung disease, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis

43
Q

coarse crackles

A

low pitch , bubbling/ gurgling

44
Q

Wheeze

A

high pitch, squeaking sound, usually expiration,

45
Q

wheeze associated with

A

asthma, COPD, obstruction, emphysema

46
Q

Ronchi

A

low pitch, monomorphic, moaning sound, secretions in large airways , both insp/ exp
- bronchitis

47
Q

Stridor

A

Life-threatening
upper airway, high pitched, CROWING

48
Q

Cheyne- stokes respirations

A

abnormal breathing with periods of apnea, gradually slow breathing

49
Q

discontinuous lung sounds

A

crackles
pleural friction rub

50
Q

continuous lung sounds

A

wheeze
Ronchi
stridor

Health Assessment (17 decks)

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