Eye Flashcards
Disorders of the eyelid?
Entropion- lid margin roll inwards
Ectropion- roll outwards
Dacryocystitis- inflammation of the lacrimal sac usually present with a painful lump
Blepharitis- meibomian gland dysfunction, seborrhoea and staph aureus infection. Inflammation of the lid margins may involve lashes and lash follicles resulting in styes or chalazion
Causes of conjunctivitis?
Bacterial
Viral
Chlamydial
Allergic ( most common )
What are the corneal disorders?
Trauma ( corneal abrasion, corneal foreign body, high velocity trauma)
Keratitis
Keratoconus
Corneal dystrophy
Aetiology of cataract?
Congenital- Maternal infection Familial Age- Elderly Metabolic- Diabetes Galactosaemia Hypocalcaemia Wilson’s disease Drug induced- Corticosteroids Phenothiazines Miotics Amiodarone Traumatic- Post intraocar surgery Inflammatory- Uveitis Disorder associated - Down’s Dystropia myotonica Lowe’s syndrome
Primary open angle glaucoma Mx?
Beta blockers ( reduce aqueous production)
Prostaglandin analogous (^aqueous production)
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (reduce aqueous production)
Selective laser trabeculoplasty (reduce IOP by 30%)
Mx of acute angle closure glaucoma?
IV acetezolamide 500mg (reduce IOP) Pilocarpine 4% drops Beta blockers Prostaglandin analogous Def Mx- making a hole in the periphery of the eyes either by laser or surgery
Uveitis types and features ?
In the iPad note
Causes associated with uveitis?
Autoimmune diseases- Rheumatoid athritis Ankylosing spondylitis Reactive athritis Sarcoidosis Psoriasis IBD
Infections (a rare cause of uveitis) - Herpes simplex virus Herpes zoster Toxoplasmosis Cytomegalovirus Syphilis Tb HIV Lyme
Some have idiopathic uveitis
What are the disorders of retina?
Central retinal vein occlusion Central retinal artery occlusion Retinal detachment Retinitis pigmentosa Age related macular degeneration
