Epilepsy Flashcards
Def of seizure and epilepsy?
-a paroxysmal event due to abnormal,excessive,hyper synchronous discharge from an aggregate of CNS neurons
-a disease of brain,
At least 2 unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring > 24hrs apart
- 1 unprovoked seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general reccurence risk
-diagnosis of an epilepsy Xd
Who are considered cure?
2
Classification of seizures?
Generalized- tonic clonic (grandmal), absence (pepitmal), myoclonic,tonic,clonic,atonic
Partial- simple (no LOC), complex, secondary generalized
How to identify the location of brain from aura?
Temporal- deja vu, jamais vu, fear, olfactory gustatory or auditory hallucinations,altered perception (macropsia,micropsia), abd rising sensation,nausea,vertigo
Frontal- conjugate gaze deviates away from the epileptic focus and head turns (adversive seixures)
Occipital- visual auras like zigzag lines and colored scotomas
Some are vague but stereotyped
Focal seizures with altered awareness and consciousness?
Usually arise from temporal and frontal lobe
Often preceding aura
Lasting 1-2 min on avg
The unconscious stage is accompanied by speech arrest, automatism (semi purposeful stereotyped motions such as lip smacking or dystonic limb posturing or more complex motor behaviors like walking in a circle or undressing)
May followed by post ictal confusion or may develop into a bilateral tonic clonic seizure
Causes of epilepsy?
13
Risk factors of epilepsy?
Predisposing factors- fhx, brain insult
Precipitating factors- fever, fasting,lack of sleep,metabolic
Maintaining factors- drug compliance
Ix of epilepsy?
Ix for possible cause
EEG
brain imaging- CT,MRI
Pricipals of treating epilepsy?
9
Drugs, mechanism of action,pharmakokinetics, adverse drug reactions of
- carbamezapine
- sodium valporate
- phenytoin sodium
- phenobarbitone
Tute
Status epilepsy def?
Prolonged seizure for > 20 mins or repeated seizures without gaining consciousness in between
Mx of status epilepsy?
Plab Q book
