Extra Crap Flashcards

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1
Q

Variance

A

like range, but better, says how spread out things are

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2
Q

Omission training

A

a specific form of punishment in which a positive event is withdrawn contingent on the occurrence of a target behavior

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3
Q

Ex-post-facto study

A

study examining how an independent variable, present prior to the study in the participants, affects a dependent variable

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4
Q

Kohler

A

insight experiments with apes

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5
Q

Neuroleptics

A

anti-psychotics

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6
Q

Kinefielter

A

genotype XXY, intersex with little side effects (and no cure) other than infertility

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7
Q

Episodic memory

A

memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual who, what, when, where, why knowledge) that can be explicitly stated or conjured. It is the collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place.

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8
Q

Approach-approach

A

choosing a good thing vs another good thing

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9
Q

PKU (Phenylketonuria)

A

is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in your body, can be controlled by diet

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10
Q

Psychogenic amnesia

A

also known as functional amnesia or dissociative amnesia, is a disorder characterized by abnormal memory functioning in the absence of structural brain damage or a known neurobiological cause (indicates dissociative disorder)

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11
Q

Somatic therapist

A

incorporates a person’s mind, body, spirit, and emotions in the healing process. Proponents of this type of therapy believe a person’s thoughts, attitudes, feelings, and beliefs can have an impact on physical functioning, while physical factors such as diet, exercise, and posture may positively or negatively affect a person’s mental and emotional state

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12
Q

Stable attribution

A

when people infer that an event or behavior is due to unchanging, permanent factors

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13
Q

Compliance strategy

A

Compliance refers to a response—specifically, a submission—made in reaction to a request. The request may be explicit (i.e., foot-in-the-door technique) or implicit (i.e., advertising). The target may or may not recognize that he or she is being urged to act in a particular way.

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14
Q

Semantic memory

A

a portion of long-term memory that processes ideas and concepts that are not drawn from personal experience. Semantic memory includes things that are common knowledge, such as the names of colors, the sounds of letters, the capitals of countries and other basic facts

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15
Q

Eidetic memory

A

the ability to recall images with vividness bordering on actual visual perception; total recall; also called photographic memory.

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16
Q

Theory X

A

people work for extrinsic reasons – in other words, money! This theory is linked to management and leadership, and assumes that workers are lazy, selfish, and generally sloppy at their work.

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17
Q

Theory Y

A

people are motivated for intrinsic reasons as opposed to extrinsic reasons. What this means is that they are working for reasons that go well beyond money and include reasons such as feeling satisfied with themsleves, increasing self esteem, helping others, etc.

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18
Q

Contralateral control

A

contralateral is a term that references the opposite side of something. … It is usually used in regards to the opposite side of the body from which something occurs. The hemispheres of the brain control the contralateral sides of the body

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19
Q

Counterbalancing

A

Counterbalancing is a type of experimental design in which all possible orders of presenting the variables are included. For example, if you have two groups of participants (group 1 and group 2) and two levels of an independent variable (level 1 and level 2), you would present one possible order (group 1 gets level 1 while group 2 gets level 2) first and then present the opposite order (group 1 gets level 2 while group 2 gets level 1)

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20
Q

Hawthorne effect

A

the alteration of behavior by the subjects of a study due to their awareness of being observed

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21
Q

Stratified sample

A

a sample that is drawn from a number of separate strata of the population, rather than at random from the whole population, in order that it should be representative.

22
Q

Z score

A

indicates how many standard deviations an element is from the mean

23
Q

Instrumental learning

A

another term for operant conditioning

24
Q

Chaining

A

in operant conditioning, preforming a number of responses successively in order to get a reward (run through obstacle course) (link behaviors into more complex one)

25
Q

What happens when you destroy the lateral hypothalamus?

A

since it is the hunger center, loss of appetite

26
Q

What happens when you destroy the ventromedial hypothalamus?

A

since it is the satiety center, constant eating/hunger

27
Q

Moro reflex in babies

A

when started, fling out limbs and quickly retract them

28
Q

Babinski in babies

A

when the foot is stroked, they will spread their toes

29
Q

Womb envy

A

(of men) jealousy of women’s reproductive capabilities

30
Q

Somatotype theory

A

three body types (endomorphs-fat, mesomorphs-muscular, and ectomorphs-thin) associated three personalities

31
Q

Psychometrician

A

people that make tests

32
Q

Neologisms

A

making up your own words (schizo)

33
Q

Clang associations

A

stringing together a series of nonsense words that rhyme (schizo)

34
Q

Waxy flexibility

A

allow your body to be moved and then hold that new pose (schizo)

35
Q

Diathesis-stress model

A

environmental stressors can provide the circumstances under which a biological predisposition for illness can express itself

36
Q

Trephining

A

drilling holes into the skull in order to release harmful spirits

37
Q

Pluralistic ignorance

A

people decide what constitutes appropriate behavior by looking to others

38
Q

Door-in-the-face

A

ask for a crazy large request, then what you really want (smaller request)

39
Q

Criterion-Concurrent Validity

A

the results of the test correspond to those of a previous test

40
Q

Criterion-Predictive Validity

A

predicts what it is supposed to predict

41
Q

Holophrase

A

prelinguistic use of a single word to express a complex idea

42
Q

Systems approach

A

uses complex systems to explore behavior patterns and human experience (like family therapy)

43
Q

Attitudinal coherence

A

the extent to which an attitude is internally consistent

44
Q

Peristalsis

A

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward

45
Q

Timbre

A

the perceived sound quality of a musical note, sound, or tone that distinguishes different types of sound production

46
Q

Opponent-process theory of emotions

A

when one emotion is experienced, the other is suppressed (also, when there are repetitions of an emotion arousing event, the opposite is stronger)

47
Q

Contingency model

A

different leadership styles work best in different situations

48
Q

Homothetic

A

studying large group trends

49
Q

Idiographic

A

studying small groups of people

50
Q

Anchoring effect

A

a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the “anchor”) when making decisions