extra

Question 1

enzymes work by

Answer 1

reducing activation energy

Question 2

starch adaptations

Answer 2

Insoluble (in water), so doesn’t affect water potential;
2. Branched / coiled / (α-)helix, so makes molecule compact;
OR
Branched / coiled / (α-)helix so can fit many (molecules) in
small area;
3. Polymer of (α-)glucose so provides glucose for respiration;
4. Branched / more ends for fast breakdown / enzyme action;
5. Large (molecule), so can’t cross the cell membrane

Question 3

temp affecting enzymes denature

Answer 3

bonds holding enzyme molecule in shape break-hydrogen
active site loses shape

Question 4

ph affecting enzymes denature

Answer 4

low ph= more h+ ions which interact w/r groups on amino acids. breaks ionic bonding between r groups and affects 3d structure of molecule. shape of active site may change

Question 5

how does non comp inhibitor affect rate of reaction

Answer 5

changes tertiary structure of enzyme and changes shape of active site
no longer complementary

Question 6

hydrogen bonds in secondary structure between

Answer 6

nh of one amino acid and c=o of another

Question 7

structure of dna

Answer 7

polymer of nucleotides
each nucleotide formed from phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous base
double helix
bonding at cg

Question 8

2 nucleotides held by

Answer 8

phosphodiester bonds between phosphate group and deoxyribose sugar formed in condensation reaction
catalysed by DNA polymerase

Question 9

saturated

Answer 9

molecule contains the maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Question 10

ribose formula

Answer 10

c5H10O5