Extended Respons Flashcards
Attachment definition
Refers to a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space.
What are the 3 rs
- Reduction
- Replacement
- Refinement
Replacement
Advocates for finding alternatives to using animals in research whenever possible.
Reduction
Emphasises minimising the number of animals used in research studies.
Refinement
Focuses on improving the welfare and treatment of animals used in research.
Bowlbys theory of attachment
Bowbys evolutionary theory of attachment suggests that children come into the world biologically pre programmed to form attachments with others because this will help them to survive.
Monotropy
Children form many attachments, but one of these is qualitatively different with the primary caregiver typically the mother.
Critical period
A time period for developing monotropy. If not during this time may not happen at all. (2 - 2.5 years)
Sensitive period
Up to 5 years for a child to develop monotropy. (Later proposed)
Bowlbys maternal deprivation hypothesis
Suggests that continual attachment disruption between the infant and primary caregiver could result in long term cognitive social and emotional difficulties for that infant.
Bowlbys internal working model
A cognitive framework comprising mental representations for understanding the world, self and others, and is based on the relationship with a primary caregiver.
Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg
In 1988 these psychologists conducted a meta analysis of attachment patterns in studies from various cultures around the world. Analyzed data from 32 studies involving over 2000 infants. (Strange situation experiments)
Where was insecure avoidant most prevalent
Western Europe, USA, than in China, Japan and Israel
Most common attachment type
Secure attachment across all countries
Where was insecure resistant attachments more prevalent
In Japan and Israel than any of the included countries
