Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > export_feeds and processing > Flashcards

export_feeds and processing Flashcards

1
Q

Products with more than 18% crude fiber are considered?

A

dry forages and roughages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cutting above-ground vegetative portion of plants and subsequent curing (drying in field); baled or cubed

A

hay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

residue of a grain crop after removal of the grain; low nutritive value

A

straw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

aerial part of corn or sorghum without the ears, husks, or heads

A

stover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

All forages not cut, or cut and fed fresh are considered:

A

pasture, range plants; includes feeds cured on the stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Made by cutting and chopping immature forage followed by storage in an enclosed space that excludes air

A

silage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Predominate organic acid formed by bacterial fermentation of sugars for silage?

A

lactic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is silage preserved?

A

lactic acid preserves silage by lower pH (about 4.6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T or F: High protein forages, such as alfalfa, will make good silages.

A

False; the AA are degraded and less desired fermentation products formed (such as butyric acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Energy feeds are also called:

A

energy concentrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Products less that 18% crude fiber and less than 20% CP with higher digestibility

A

energy concentrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

grains and grain by-products are examples of:

A

energy concentrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T or F: When ensiled, energy feeds are still considered energy feeds.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Products containing 20% or more protein

A

protein concentrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T or F: Plant and animal origin protein supplements include ensiled products.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Oil-seed meals, corn gluten, SBP are examples of:

A

protein concentrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Roughage quality affected by:

A

weed contamination, maturity, cure,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Problems with weed contamination?

A

reduce nutritive value, contain toxic substances, cause mechanical injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Effect of maturity on roughage quality?

A

nutritive value decreases with maturity; stem size, leaf:stem, flowers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Bad odor on cured hays is due to:

A

mold growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

T or F: Leafiness is generally correlated with nutritive value.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T or F: Solar exposure to hay can cause bleaching which will increase nutritive value.

A

False - bleaching is bad

23
Q

Small size or pinched appearance of grain indicates

A

less energy density digestibility

24
Q

Mold growth can occur when grains are harvested at too (high, low) of moisture content.

A

high

25
Q

Insect contamination of grain can cause:

A

moisture that promotes mold growth

26
Q

Cotton seed meal cannot be used in what type of animals?

A

simple-stomach animals

27
Q

Gossypol is found in

A

cotton seed meal

28
Q

Problem with cotton seed meal

A

gossypol is not degraded by alimentary microflora and can cause pulmonary edema

29
Q

First limiting AA found in CSM

A

lysine is limited

30
Q

Cyclopropenoid is found in

A

CSM

31
Q

Causes discoloration of eggs

A

cyclopropenoid of CSM

32
Q

T or F: Prepared mixed ration products are difficult to evaluate nutritional quality by visual inspection.

A

True

33
Q

Crude indicators of quality on prepared food labels

A

proximate/guaranteed analyses; ingredient list

34
Q

Common feed processing objectives:

A

increased digestibility, increased intake, reduced wastage, bulk reduction, facilitate packaging

35
Q

Hammer mill used to break roughage into smaller pieces

A

milling

36
Q

Pro of milling

A

optimal distribution in particle size is targeted to increase forage intake and digestibility

37
Q

cons of milling

A

may reduce digestibility in ruminants, dust

38
Q

Counter dust formation in product by adding

A

molasses

39
Q

First stage in making silage and involves a cutting action of a knife against a sheer plate

A

chopping

40
Q

Advantage of chopping

A

little change in digestibility; reduces wastage and improves storage and handling efficiency

41
Q

Advantage of cubing over pellets?

A

cubing permits longer lengths of chopped forage in product; may improve digestibility

42
Q

Advantages of cubing

A

little negative impace on digestibility and food intake, reduces wastage

43
Q

Disadvantages of cubing

A

increases cost, difficult to evaluate feed quality

44
Q

Cubing is formed from (chopped, milled) forage

A

chopped

45
Q

Pelleting is formed from (chopped, milled) forage

A

milled

46
Q

T or F: Alfalfa forms stable cubed and pellets while cereal crop forages require addition of a binder and grain to form stable pellets.

A

True

47
Q

Advantages of pellets

A

increases intake, especially of lower quality forages

48
Q

Disadvantages of pelleting

A

small decrease in digestibility, difficult to evaluate feed quality, reduces protein solubility, increase cost

49
Q

Grain is sheared by passage b/t two rollers to produce “cracked grain”

A

dry rolling

50
Q

grain is heated in steam chest before rolling and then rolled flat to varying thickness

A

steam rolling

51
Q

Advantages of steam rolling

A

fewer fines and dust than dry, starch is gelatinized (improving digestibility), as thinness increases so does digestion rate

52
Q

Cool season grasses

A

fescue, orchard grass, timothy, brome

53
Q

warm season grasses

A

blue stem, switchgrass, bermudagrass

Nutrition (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions