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Biology 101 > Exploring Life > Flashcards

Exploring Life Flashcards

Chapter 1

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1
Q

Biology

A

Scientific study of life.

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2
Q

Properties and processes associated with life

A

3R, 2E, 1OG. Response to environment, Regulation, Reproduction, Energy Processing, Evolution Adaption, Order and Growth.

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3
Q

Order

A

Life is filled with patterns and it was designed purposefully.

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4
Q

Response to environment

A

Ability to respond to a change in environment. Venus fly trap closing to fly.

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5
Q

Regulation

A

Ability to maintain constants. i.e. blood flow, warmth

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6
Q

Reproduction

A

Ability to reproduce

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7
Q

Energy processing

A

Eating and the cycle of energy in the environment.

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8
Q

Evolution Adaption

A

Evolving to your environment. i.e. snow leopards vs normal leopards.

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9
Q

Growth and Development

A

inherited gene information.

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10
Q

Hierarchy of size (small->big)

A

Atoms -> Molecules -> Organelles -> Cells -> Tissue -> Organs -> Organ system -> Organism -> Population (Same species) -> Community -> Ecosystem -> The BIOSPHERE

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11
Q

Cellular basis of life

A
  1. The cell is the smallest unit capable of all life activities
  2. All cells come from other cells (problem with evolution theory)
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12
Q

2 Major cell types

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

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13
Q

Prokaryotic cells

A

Pro-before; karyo-nucleus.
Lacking a nucleus & membrane enclosed organelles.

2 domains.
1.Domain Bacteria
2. Domain Archaea

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14
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A

Eu-with; karyo-nucleus.
Contains nucleus & membrane enclosed organelles

1 domain:
Domain Eukarya

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15
Q

Chromosomes in a dividing cell

A

Information within cells, structures called chromosomes contain genetic material in the form of DNA.

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16
Q

Genomics

A

Studying an entire section of genes (DNA)

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17
Q

Genome

A

entire “library” of genetic instructions that an organism inherits. Chromosome code.

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18
Q

Proteomics

A

Studying an entire section of proteins

19
Q

Ecosystem Dynamics

A
  1. Producers: photosynthetic organisms
  2. Consumers: organisms that feeds on other organisms or its remains.
20
Q

Negative and positive feedback

A

Negative: stop doing something i.e. blood sugar levels
Positive: Keep doing something i.e. blood clotting

21
Q

Taxonomy

A

Scientific study of naming, defining, & classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics

22
Q

Domain Bacteria

A

Most widespread & diverse prokaryotes. Are now classified into multiple kingdoms. Typically live in human friendly environments.

23
Q

Domain Archaea

A

Prokaryotes, multiple kingdoms. Tend to live in extreme environments

24
Q

Domain Eukarya

A

4 kingdoms:
1. Plantae
2. Fungi
3. Animalia
4. Protsits

25
Q

Kingdom Protists

A

Single to simple multicellular eukaryotes. Hard to classify. Most numerous & diverse of eukaryotes.

26
Q

Levels of Classification

A

DK PC of GS
1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus
8. Species

27
Q

Unity in diversity

A

Similarities between species w/ no relation

28
Q

Origin of life: Evolution

A

Origin by Evolution from molecules…descent with modification.

29
Q

Origin of life: Creation

A

Origin by intelligent design w/ microevolutions

30
Q

Natural Selection vs Structure fits function

A

Natural Selection: Best genetics survive and reproduce, passing on the good genes.

Structure fits function: Things are good at what they were designed to be good at.

31
Q

Common Ancestor

A

Everything came from a common ancestor, which is why a bat has matching traits with a horse, whale and a human.

32
Q

Natural Selection

A
  1. Variation: very similar finches w/ slight differences
  2. Overproduction: lead to many micro evolutions; better chance of survival
  3. Competition: Competition lead to weaker & inferior genes dying out
  4. Inheritance of fitness: Passing down genetic makeup, better genes reproduce.
33
Q

Inquiry

A

Search for information & explanation of natural phenomena

34
Q

Discovery science

A

Discovery based science. Uses scientific method. Aims to find new patterns, correlations, and form hypotheses through the analysis of large-scale experimental data.

35
Q

Data

A

Recorded observations. 2 types:
1. Qualitative: observations/recorded descriptions
2. Quantitative: Numerical based. Stats.

36
Q

Inductive reasoning

A

Conclusions reached by analyzing observations. Specific to general

37
Q

Deductive Reasoning

A

General to specific, If-Then statement. Prediction of result if hypothesis is discovered to be true.

38
Q

Scientific method

A

Observe -> research/ask a question -> hypothesis -> null hypothesis/predictions -> test -> analyze (repeat) -> report.

39
Q

Controlled Experiments

A

You control one group & compare those results to the other groups

40
Q

Independent variable

A

Factor being manipulated. The one you control.

41
Q

Dependent variable

A

Factor being measured/predicted according to independent variable.

42
Q

Limitations of science

A

It is impossible to control every variable

43
Q

Theories

A

Broader than hypothesis. Supported by many studies. Can be modified/changed if the need and support arises.

44
Q

Technology

A

Any method or device that applies scientific knowledge for a specific purpose.

Biology 101 (27 decks)

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