EXPERIMENT 17 POST LAB Flashcards
Its is believed that it is started in West Africa
1930’S
Transfer of chimpanzees to humans through “bushmeat” trading
1930’S
: The disease is renamed as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
1982
MOT:
Sexual and blood transfusion
Rare types of pneumonia, cancer and other illnesses among the homosexual
1980’S
: discovered that HIV can be pass through mother-child through breastfeeding
1986
8-10 million affected of HIV worldwide
1990’S
Introduction of treatment
1990’S
4th leading cause of mortality worldwide
1990’S
: 30 million living with HIV; 40 million have already died from AIDS
1999
Continued efforts (local and international) of different organizations and collaboration with pharmaceutical to reduce drug prices
2000’S
Note: there is no cure for HIV, ang ginagawa lang is minamanage ang S/S as well as pinapataas ang [?]
CD4+ T cells count
Approval of PreP
2010’S
Reduction of AIDS-related deaths
2010’S
Increase of Anti-Retroviral Therapy recipients
2010’S
→ HIV infection
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
: responsible for all the infection worldwide
HIV-1
is responsible for the epidemic
HIV-1 M strain
: endemic to west Africa
HIV-2
less common and less infectious
HIV-2
- most advance stage of HIV infection
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
It is a process actually, hindi porket nagka HIV ka magkaka [?] ka na, tanga lang ang may alam non CHoz hahah di to sinabi ni maam.
AIDS
Take note dito na nangyayare yung mga [?].
opportunistic infection
Why there is an opportunistic infection? Due to
Weak immune
system
The transmission is cause by an exposure such as [?] and other activities.
high risk sexual behaviors
BODY FLUIDS
Blood
Semen
Pre-seminal fluid
Rectal fluid
Vaginal fluid
Breast milk
Why HIV is fast transmitted to Men having sex with Men, because take note lalo na daw pag ANAL SEX, the skin in the anus is very thin just like the skin in the mouth, because of that due to the friction ng sexual activity mas mabilis napupunit yung skin or the mucous membrane in the anus, because of that lagging successful ang transmission ng HIV. (Kaya pag nakipag ANAL ka potanginamo mag condom ka.) So, safe sex is very important when it comes to preventing HIV, Because, (potangina andaming because), successful transmission is happened when there is a contact with mucous membrane. These body fluids must be in contact with the damage/wounded mucous membrane in order for transmission to happen.
TRANSMISSION
Unprotected anal or vaginal sex
Sharing needles (Drug users )
Breastfeeding
During pregnancy or birth (There is a tearing of mucous membrane because of that it can affect the baby)
YOU CAN’T GET HIV FROM
Kissing
Hugging
Sharing food
Insect bites
Toilet seats
Bathing
Sneezes and coughs
Sweat
Sexual transmission is through [?] particularly pag may sugat
contact with mucous membrane
Very important
HIV life cycle
Main target of HIV is the [?]
Need this cell to replicate
CD4+ T Cells
Target cell of HIV
CD4+T cells (T helper cells)
Has a specific receptor for HIV
CD4+T cells (T helper cells)
Paano pag na acquire natin si HIV, pumasok sya sa katawan? Hahanapin nya si CD4 T cell, magbibind sya kay CD4 T cell.
WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT?
• Once nakapagbind na sya kay CD4 T cell, papasok sya inside the CD4 T Cell. Then it will release its RNA and one thing that is very important in this virus, meron syang reverse transcriptase enzyme.
• NOTE: reverse transcriptase enzyme is the defining feature of HIV because it will enable to convert the virus
RNA into DNA.
• Once naconvert na yung HIV RNA into DNA, the DNA is now made of HIVs RNA. Therefore, the HIV DNA is integrated into host DNA.
Then, viral components are reproduced
HIV virus assembled. Tapos after nyan, lalabas na sya ng CD4 T cell and again, HIV virus is distributed. Same cycle will happen, maghahanap ulit sya ng CD4 T cell para continuous yung kanyang replication.
HIV INFECTION
Progressive deterioration of the immune system due to the destruction of CD4 cells. (Main target is CD4 cells or T helper cells)
