EXPERIMENT 17 POST LAB

Question 1

Its is believed that it is started in West Africa

Answer 1

1930’S

Question 2

Transfer of chimpanzees to humans through “bushmeat” trading

Answer 2

1930’S

Question 3

: The disease is renamed as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Answer 3

1982

Question 4

MOT:

Answer 4

Sexual and blood transfusion

Question 5

Rare types of pneumonia, cancer and other illnesses among the homosexual

Answer 5

1980’S

Question 6

: discovered that HIV can be pass through mother-child through breastfeeding

Answer 6

1986

Question 7

8-10 million affected of HIV worldwide

Answer 7

1990’S

Question 8

Introduction of treatment

Answer 8

1990’S

Question 9

4th leading cause of mortality worldwide

Answer 9

1990’S

Question 10

: 30 million living with HIV; 40 million have already died from AIDS

Answer 10

1999

Question 11

Continued efforts (local and international) of different organizations and collaboration with pharmaceutical to reduce drug prices

Answer 11

2000’S

Question 12

Note: there is no cure for HIV, ang ginagawa lang is minamanage ang S/S as well as pinapataas ang [?]

Answer 12

CD4+ T cells count

Question 13

Approval of PreP

Answer 13

2010’S

Question 14

Reduction of AIDS-related deaths

Answer 14

2010’S

Question 15

Increase of Anti-Retroviral Therapy recipients

Answer 15

2010’S

Question 16

→ HIV infection

Answer 16

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Question 17

: responsible for all the infection worldwide

Answer 17

HIV-1

Question 18

is responsible for the epidemic

Answer 18

HIV-1 M strain

Question 19

: endemic to west Africa

Answer 19

HIV-2

Question 20

less common and less infectious

Answer 20

HIV-2

Question 21

• most advance stage of HIV infection

Answer 21

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Question 22

It is a process actually, hindi porket nagka HIV ka magkaka [?] ka na, tanga lang ang may alam non CHoz hahah di to sinabi ni maam.

Answer 22

AIDS

Question 23

Take note dito na nangyayare yung mga [?].

Answer 23

opportunistic infection

Question 24

Why there is an opportunistic infection? Due to

Answer 24

Weak immune
system

Question 25

The transmission is cause by an exposure such as [?] and other activities.

Answer 25

high risk sexual behaviors

Question 26

BODY FLUIDS

Answer 26

Blood
Semen
Pre-seminal fluid
Rectal fluid
Vaginal fluid
Breast milk

Question 27

Why HIV is fast transmitted to Men having sex with Men, because take note lalo na daw pag ANAL SEX, the skin in the anus is very thin just like the skin in the mouth, because of that due to the friction ng sexual activity mas mabilis napupunit yung skin or the mucous membrane in the anus, because of that lagging successful ang transmission ng HIV. (Kaya pag nakipag ANAL ka potanginamo mag condom ka.) So, safe sex is very important when it comes to preventing HIV, Because, (potangina andaming because), successful transmission is happened when there is a contact with mucous membrane. These body fluids must be in contact with the damage/wounded mucous membrane in order for transmission to happen.

Question 28

TRANSMISSION

Answer 28

Unprotected anal or vaginal sex
Sharing needles (Drug users )
Breastfeeding
During pregnancy or birth (There is a tearing of mucous membrane because of that it can affect the baby)

Question 29

YOU CAN’T GET HIV FROM

Answer 29

Kissing
Hugging
Sharing food
Insect bites
Toilet seats
Bathing
Sneezes and coughs
Sweat

Question 30

Sexual transmission is through [?] particularly pag may sugat

Answer 30

contact with mucous membrane

Question 31

Very important

Answer 31

HIV life cycle

Question 32

Main target of HIV is the [?]

Need this cell to replicate

Answer 32

CD4+ T Cells

Question 33

Target cell of HIV

Answer 33

CD4+T cells (T helper cells)

Question 34

Has a specific receptor for HIV

Answer 34

CD4+T cells (T helper cells)

Question 35

Paano pag na acquire natin si HIV, pumasok sya sa katawan? Hahanapin nya si CD4 T cell, magbibind sya kay CD4 T cell.
WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT?
• Once nakapagbind na sya kay CD4 T cell, papasok sya inside the CD4 T Cell. Then it will release its RNA and one thing that is very important in this virus, meron syang reverse transcriptase enzyme.
• NOTE: reverse transcriptase enzyme is the defining feature of HIV because it will enable to convert the virus
RNA into DNA.
• Once naconvert na yung HIV RNA into DNA, the DNA is now made of HIVs RNA. Therefore, the HIV DNA is integrated into host DNA.
Then, viral components are reproduced
HIV virus assembled. Tapos after nyan, lalabas na sya ng CD4 T cell and again, HIV virus is distributed. Same cycle will happen, maghahanap ulit sya ng CD4 T cell para continuous yung kanyang replication.
HIV INFECTION
Progressive deterioration of the immune system due to the destruction of CD4 cells. (Main target is CD4 cells or T helper cells)