Exp. 2_Post Lab Flashcards
EFFECT OF HEAT
Heavy precipitation
EFFECT OF ALCOHOL
for 95% Ethanol
Moderate to Heavy precipitation
EFFECT OF ALCOHOL
for 70% Ethanol
Slight precipitation
EFFECT OF STRONG MINERAL ACIDS
for all strong acids
Heavy precipitation
EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS
for both AgNO3 and CuSO4
Heavy precipitation
EFFECT OF ALKALOIDAL REAGENTS
for all three alkaloidal reagents such as Picric, Tannic, and Tricarboxylic acids.
Heavy precipitation
Denaturation of proteins
involves the disruption and possible destruction of
secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures
L denaturation reactions are not strong enough to break the_________, the primary structure (sequence of amino acids) remains the same after a denaturation process.
peptide bonds
In tertiary structure, there are four types of bonding interactions between “side chains” including:
hydrogen bonding
salt bridges
disulfide bonds
non-polar hydrophobic interactions which may be disrupted.
a variety of reagents and conditions can cause denaturation.
The most common observation in the denaturation process is the _______ or ________ of the protein.
precipitation or coagulation
- is the production of insoluble solids in a solution.
Precipitation
Heat
can be used to disrupt _________and _____________interactions.
hydrogen bonds
non-polar hydrophobic
increases the kinetic energy and causes the molecules to vibrate so rapidly and violently that the bonds are disrupted.
heat
This concentration of alcohol is able to penetrate the bacterial cell wall and denature the proteins and enzymes inside of the cell.
70% alcohol sol.
merely coagulates the protein on the outside of the cell wall and prevents any alcohol from entering the cell.
95%
result from the neutralization of an acid and amine on side chains.
Salt bridges
As might be expected, acids and bases disrupt_________ held together by ionic charges.
salt bridges
disrupt disulfide bonds because of their high affinity and attraction for sulfur and will also lead to the denaturation of proteins.
Heavy metals
The reaction of a heavy metal salt with a protein usually leads to an
insoluble metal protein salt
are acids that can combine with alkaloids (Nitrogen containing compounds or positively charged amino groups in proteins) and disrupt ionic bonds to form insoluble protein salts.
Alkaloidal reagents
