exotoxin producing bacteria

Question 1

botulinum toxin

tetanus toxin

Answer 1

neurotoxins: interferes with neural transmission

Question 2

shigella

vibrio cholerae

Answer 2

enterotoxins: affect intestine, cause H20 and electrolyte imbalance of intestinal epithelium → diarrhea

Question 3

exotoxin that binds simultaneously to MHC II receptor and T cell receptor → allows for polyclonal expansion of T cells → release lots of cytokines

Answer 3

superantigen

Question 4

s. aureus

s. pyogenes (group A strep)

Answer 4

superantigens causing shock

Question 5

EHEC complication

Answer 5

shiga-toxin can cause HUS

Question 6

hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenia
acute renal failure

Answer 6

hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 7

7 bacteria that secrete enterotoxins: exotoxin that causes water + electrolyte imbalance of intestinal epithelium → diarrhea

Answer 7

vibrio cholerae
ETEC -heat labile toxin
s. aureus
shigella
yersinia
clostridium difficile
clostridium perfringens

Question 8

exotoxin inactivates EF-2

Answer 8

corynebacterium diptheriae

pseudomonas (exotoxin A)

Question 9

exotoxin activates Gs

Answer 9

vibrio cholerae

ETEC heat labile toxin

Question 10

exotoxin disables Gi

Answer 10

pertussis toxin

Question 11

exotoxin works via bacterial adenylate cyclase (no G protein involved)

Answer 11

Bacillus anthracis

Question 12

exotoxin blocks GABA + glycine

Answer 12

clostridium tetani

Question 13

toxins produced by s. pyogenes

Answer 13

streptolysin O: hemolysis on blood agar plate, oxygen labile
streptolysin S: oxygen stable
streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins A, B, C = erythrogenic toxins = superantigens: associated with red rash + fever of scarlet fever and STSS