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4 star topic: one question on test > brachial plexus > Flashcards

brachial plexus Flashcards

1
Q

innervates serratus anterior m. (hold scapula to thorax)

A

long thoracic nerve

SALT: Serratus Anterior Long Thoracic

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2
Q

innervates infraspinatous + supraspinatous m.

A

suprascapular nerve

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3
Q

innervates pectoralis major m.

A

lateral pectoral nerve

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4
Q

innervates subscapularis m.

A

upper subscapular nerve

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5
Q

innervates latismus dorsi m.

A

thoracodorsal nerve.

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6
Q

innervates teres major

A

lower subscapular nerve

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7
Q

major flexors of forearm+ supinators:

biceps m., coracobrachialis m., brachialis m. (flexes + supinates forearm)

A

motor innervation of musculocutaneous nerve

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8
Q

deltoid (abducts shoulder)
long head of triceps (extends forearm)
teres minor m. (externally rotates arm)

A

motor innervation of axillary nerve

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9
Q

motor innervation of radial nerve

A

BEST: many of extensors + supinators
Brachioradialis (FLEXES forearm, supinates, pronates)
Extensor carpi radialis longus (extend wrist), Extensor digitorum, extensor pollicis longus + other extensors (extends wrist + digits)
Supinator (supinates)
Triceps (extends forearm)

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10
Q

many of flexors of hand:
pronators teres + pronators quadratus (pronate hand)
flexor carpi radialis + palmaris longus (flexes forearm)
flexor digitorum superficialis and lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus (flexes wrist + digits)
flexor pollicis longus (flexes thumb)
1st + 2nd lumbricals (flexes MCP joints and extends IP joints)

A

motor innervation of median nerve

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11
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris m. (flex + adduct wrist
flexor digitorum profundus m. (flex wrist + fingers)
hypothenar m. (controls hand + 5th digit-pinky)
3rd+4th lumbricals (flexes at MCP and extends at interphalangeal joints)
interosseous m. (abducts + adducts digits)
adductor pollicis (adducts thumb)

A

motor innervation of ulnar nerve

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12
Q

holds scapula to thorax

A

serratus anterior m.

originates on ribs 1-8, inserts on medial border of scapula

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13
Q

external rotation of humerus

A

infraspinatous m. (posterior scapula)

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14
Q

abduct arm

A

supraspinatous m.

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15
Q

flexion
adduction
medial rotation of humerus

A

pectoralis major m.

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16
Q

internal rotation of arm

A

subscapularis m. (fills subscapular fossa, anterior scapula)

inserts in lesser tubercle of humerus

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17
Q 
extension
adduction
transverse extension
flexion from an extended position
internal rotation
A

latissimus dorsi m.

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18
Q

medial rotation

adduction of arm

A

teres major m. (originates on dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula, inserts on medial lip of intertubercle sulcus of humerus)

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19
Q

major flexors of arm + forearm

A

biceps m. + coracobrachialis m. + brachialis m.

major flexors of arm + forearm

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20
Q

abduct (esp frontal plane)

A

deltoid m.

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21
Q

lateral rotation of humerus

A

teres minor m.

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22
Q

extend forearm

A

extensors + tricep m.

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23
Q

pronate arm

A

pronators + thenar m.

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24
Q

flex

adduct hand

A

flexor carpi ulnaris m.
interosseus m.
hypothenar m.

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25
Q

injury to C5-C6 nerve roots or superior trunk

A

Erb-Duchenne Palsy (Waiter’s tip syndrome)

26
Q

neck or shoulder traumatized
dystocia during delivery (large for GA)
pulling on shoulders during cephalic delivery
newborn with clavicle fracture (may not be due to a dystocia)
partial or complete paralysis of UE
bruising, stretching (usually reversible) or tearing of nerves

A

Erb-Duchenne Palsy (Waiter’s tip syndrome)

27
Q

most common nerves affected + symptoms in Erb-Duchenne Palsy (Waiter’s tip syndrome)

A

loss of sensation of UE
no abduction = adducted: suprascapular n - supraspinatous m., axillary n. - deltoid m.
no lateral rotation = medial rotated: suprascapular n. - infraspinatous m.
no flexion + supination = extended + forearm pronated: musculocutaneous n. - biceps m.

28
Q

injury to C8-T1 roots or inferior trunk

A

Klumpke palsy

29
Q

cervical rib compressing inferior trunk
cervical rib compressing inferior trunk + subclavian artery →thoracic outlet syndrome
hypertrophy of anterior scalene m. → thoracic outlet syndrome

A

Klumpe palsy

30
Q

nerves injured + symptoms of Klumpke palsy

A

atrophy of:
thenar eminence
hypothenar eminence: ulnar n.
interosseous muscle: ulnar n.
sensory deficits on medial side of forearm + side of hand
no radial pulse with moving head toward ipsilateral side (thoracic outlet syndrome)

31
Q

sensory innervation of:
posterior arm
dorsal side of hand

A

radial nerve

32
Q

wrist drop
difficulty straightening fingers
numbness on back of hand + posterior arm
weak brachioradialis reflex

A

radial nerve injury:
“saturday night palsy”
radial nerve compression or fracture of SHAFT of humerus

33
Q

wrist drop

A

radial nerve injury

34
Q

HAND ONLY:
sensory innervation of 5+ one-half of 4th digit
medial side of palm and dorsal hand

A

ulnar nerve

35
Q

loss of flexion of wrist + digits

A

PROXIMAL injury to ulnar nerve (flexor carpi ulnaris + flexor digitorum profundus)

36
Q

MCP joint hyperextension and IP joint flexion at 4th + 5th digitis
loss of abduction + adduction of digits
hypothenar wasting

A

DISTAL injury to ulnar nerve:
“ulnar claw” (lose 3rd + 4th lumbricals)
no abduction/adduction (interosseous)

37
Q

sensory innervation of:

lateral palm + first 3 ½ digits

A

median nerve

38
Q

loss of thumb abduction

A

median nerve injury AT THE ELBOW (no thenar m.)

“ape hand”

39
Q

loss of flexion of 2nd + 3rd digits (index + middle)

A

median nerve injury AT OR ABOVE ELBOW:

“hand of benediction”

40
Q

intermittent numbness of first 3 1/2 digits (thumb to 1/2 of ring finger)
at night or when typing (compression)
severe: atrophy of thenar m., weakness of palmar adduction/abduction

A

median nerve injury:

carpal tunnel syndrome

41
Q

sensory innervation of:

lateral side of forearm

A

musculocutaneous nerve

42
Q

sensory innervation of:

lateral shoulder

A

axillary nerve

43
Q

loss of elbow flexion + supination of forearm

A

musculocutaneous nerve injury

44
Q

loss of abduction of shoulder
weak flexion, extension, rotation of shoulder
loss of sensation to lateral shoulder

A

axillary nerve injury:

anterior dislocation of shoulder OR fracture of surgical NECK of humerus

45
Q

artery that runs with axillary nerve

A

posterior circumflex artery

46
Q

winged scapula

A

long thoracic nerve injury:

blow to neck or shoulder OR after radial mastectomy

47
Q

structures in anterior triangle of neck

A

posterior digastric m.
sternothyroid m.
sternohyoid m. (lateral to sternothyroid)
superior omohyoid m. (lateral to sternohyoid)

48
Q

structures in posterior triangle of neck

A

brachial plexus
subclavian vein (mid-clavicle)
external jugular vein
inferior omohyoid m.

49
Q

unable to wipe bottom

A

thoracodorsal nerve injury

50
Q

loss of forearm pronation

A

median nerve injury

51
Q

weak external rotation of arm

A

suprascapular nerve injury (infraspinatous m.) + axillary nerve (deltoid m.)

52
Q

supracondylar humerus fracture

A

median nerve

53
Q

artery travels with radial nerve

A

deep brachial artery

54
Q

nerve travels with anterior interosseous artery

A

anterior interosseous nerve

55
Q

nerve travels with posterior interosseous artery

A

deep branch of radial nerve

56
Q

nerve travels with suprascapular artery

A

suprascapular nerve

57
Q

nerve travels with thoracodorsal artery

A

thoracodorsal nerve

58
Q

nerve travels with dorsal scapular artery

A

dorsal scapular nerve

59
Q

nerve travels with lateral thoracic artery

A

long thoracic nerve

60
Q

nerve travels with ulnar artery

A

ulnar nerve

61
Q

nerve travels with brachial artery

A

medial nerve

4 star topic: one question on test (22 decks)

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