Exercise Flashcards
What does exercise do to the heart rate?
Increases it.
Muscle cells combine ______ with _______. This is called ________ and it provides the muscles with ________ to contract.
Glucose with Oxygen. This is called respiration and it provides the muscles with energy to contract.
An increase in muscle activity requires more _______ and more _______ to be supplied to the muscle cells.
An increase in muscle activity requires more glucose in more oxygen to be supplied to the muscle cells.
Because extra oxygen is added, extra _____-______ needs to be removed
Carbon Dioxide.
When more oxygen needs to be supplied to the cells and more carbon-dioxide needs to be removed from the cells, what happens to the blood flow?
Blood must flow at a faster rate to keep up with the demand for oxygen and removal of carbon-dioxide.
What happens the depth of your breathing when you exercise?
You need to breathe in more deeply to keep up with the oxygen demand.
Some glucose from food is stored as ________
Glycogen.
Where is Glycogen mainly stored? And where else can be it stored?
In the liver, but each muscle has a supply of glycogen too.
During vigorous exercise, the muscles break down glucose at a _____ rate. What happens to some glycogen during vigorous exercise?
Some glycogen is converted back into glucose and is used as energy.
What process ocurrs when there isn’t enough oxygen?
Anaerobic respiration takes place.
What does anaerobic mean?
Without oxygen
What does anaerobic produce, besides energy?
Lactic acid/
Anaerobic respiration is the __________ breakdown of glucose.
Incomplete breakdown
Why is anaerobic respiration not the best way to convert energy to glucose? 3 reasons.
- Because a build-up of lactic acid in the muscles is painful.
- It causes muscle fatigue (muscles get tired and stop working efficiently).
- It doesn’t release as much energy as aerobic respiration.
What’s an advantage of anaerobic respiration?
It means that you can keep on using your muscles a while longer, useful in emergencies when oxygen is scarce.
What does anaerobic respiration lead to?
An oxygen debt.
What is an oxygen debt?
You didn’t get enough oxygen when you were exercising before, therefore you have a debt to repay to your heart, lungs and blood because they couldn’t keep up with your demand earlier on.
Why do you breathe heavily after vigorously exercising?
Because you’re repaying your oxygen debt by getting more oxygen into your blood.
Once you’ve taken in a lot of oxygen after vigorously exercising, what happens to this oxygen?
Blood flows through your muscles and oxidises the lactic acid, thus removing it.
What happens to lactic acid when it is oxidised?
It’s converted into harmless carbon-dioxide and water.
When your brain detects large amounts of carbon-dioxide and lactic acid in the blood, what does your body do to rectify the situation?
The pulse quickens and the breathing rate quickens.
