Enzymes Flashcards
Enzymes are referred to as __________ _______ because they quicken the rate of reactions in the body.
Biological Catalysts.
Enzymes lower the _________ energy required for a reaction.
Activation energy.
Why do enzymes control reactions?
So that the right amount of substances are produced in these reactions.
You can quicken the rate of reaction by increasing the ________.
Temperature.
Why is increasing the temperature of a reaction not always beneficial?
If you quicken the temperature of s useful reaction, you’re also increasing the temperature of the unwanted reactions too.
If enzymes get too hot, they ________
Denature.
Enzymes are all proteins. Proteins are made up of chains of _____ _____.
Amino Acids.
As well as catalysts, proteins also act as which 3 things?
Structural components of tissue (muscles), hormones and antibodies.
What is the Lock and Key model when it comes to Enzymes?
Enzymes are specific. Only substrate molecules with the correct shape can fit into the enzyme’s active site. Just like only one key can open a lock, only one type of enzyme can speed up a specific reaction. This is called the lock and key model.
Enzymes are defined as?
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in our cells.
Chemical reactions usually involve things being either _______ apart or _______ joined.
Split Apart or Joined Together
An enzyme is most active at its _______ temperature.
Optimum.
What exactly happens to an enzyme when it denatures due to high temperatures?
The bonds holding the enzyme together break, destroying the enzyme’s special shape, so it doesn’t work anymore.
Which other factor affects enzymes?
pH. If the pH is too high or too low, the pH interferes with the bonds holding the enzyme together, so the shape changes and it denatures.
