Exercise 26

Question 1

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 1

Gram +, diplococcus
Endogenous
Meningitis, pneumonia

Question 2

Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 2

Gram -, diplococcus
Exogenous
#2 cause bacterial meningitis

Question 3

Haemophilus influenza

Answer 3

Gram-, pleomorphic bacillus
Type B HIB
# 1 cause meningitis for kids

Question 4

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer 4

Gram -, bacillus
Enteric, vomit, swallow into lungs

Question 5

E. coli K strains

Answer 5

Gram -, bacillus
Neonatal meningitis, septicemia when holding new baby

Question 6

Stains used

Answer 6

Congo red: negative stain, acidic dye
Manneval’s stain: acidic and basic dye in it

Question 7

Heat fix?

Answer 7

No, capsules heat sensitive

Question 8

Staining steps

Answer 8

Add Congo red to bacteria
Air dry
Manneval’S stain one minute
Coplin jar with DI water, invert 6 times
Air dry

Question 9

4 components Maneval’s stain

Answer 9

10% FeCl3 a chemical fixative that strengthens the capsule
5% phenol increases penetration of dye
Acid fuchsin stain, basic dye that stains bacteria red
Acetic acid, decreases pH to turn Congo bed blue

Question 10

Stain result

Answer 10

Capsules clear, bacteria red, background blue

Question 11

2 positive controls

Answer 11

E. coli and K. pneumoniae