Exercise 13

Question 1

Vegetative cell

Answer 1

Actively growing and metabolizing yeast or bacteria

Question 2

Spore

Answer 2

Survival mechanism that packages DNA into an extremely resistant dormant cell type

Question 3

Thick spore coat

Answer 3

Resistant to dehydration, radiation, heat, and toxic chemicals

Question 4

Spores could survive hours of boiling and high doses of radiation that would kill humans

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Spore metabolic activity

Answer 5

Low

Question 6

Sporulation/sporogenesis

Answer 6

Process of generating spores triggered by poor conditions, low carbon and nitrogen

Question 7

Occurs when favorable conditions return

Answer 7

Germination which regenerates the vegetative cell

Question 8

Endospore

Answer 8

Spore inside dying bacterial cell

Question 9

Exospore

Answer 9

A spore that has been released from a bacterial cell that lysed

Question 10

3 spore genres

Answer 10

Clostridium, bacillus, sporosarcina (only cocci)

Question 11

2 genera that impact healthcare field

Answer 11

Clostridium and bacillus, not killed with typical disinfectant

Question 12

Endospore procedure

Answer 12

Airdry and heat fix
Primary stain: malachite green
Mordant: steam/heat to soften spore and allow edge in + fixes dye
Decolorizer: distilled water
Counterstain: safranin

Question 13

Endospore stain result

Answer 13

Endospore green, rest of cell pink

Question 14

Endospore stain result W/ out enough mordant

Answer 14

Endospore colorless, vegetative part of cell pink

Question 15

Result with not enough decolorizer

Answer 15

Endosperm colorless, vegetative part of cells pink

Question 16

Positive control endospore

Answer 16

Bacillus subtilis