Excretion 🫘

Question 1

Explain excretion

Answer 1

Removal of metabolic waste from an organism or cell

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

Maintaining a constant internal environment

Question 3

Name two excretory organ in plants

Answer 3

Leaf,
Root

Question 4

Function of fat layer that surrounds kidneys

Answer 4

Protection

Question 5

importance of blood entering the Glomerulus under pressure

Answer 5

Forced filtration

Question 6

Two reasons why there are many capillaries surrounding the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of henle and the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron

Answer 6

Reabsorption and secretion

Question 7

Explain how ADH affects the volume of urine

Answer 7

Makes walls more permeable than

Question 8

Name structure through which urine travels to the bladder

Answer 8

Ureter

Question 9

Structure involved in vasoconstriction

Answer 9

Arteriole

Question 10

Describe in detail the role of vasoconstriction in temperature regulation

Answer 10

In cold conditions,
Arterioles narrow,
Less blood flow to the skin,
Heat retained

Question 11

Which structure is involved with both excretion and temperature regulation

Answer 11

Sweat gland

Question 12

Excretory product of sweat gland

Answer 12

Sweat

Question 13

Name of organism that can generate their own heat and regulate their body temperature

Answer 13

Endotherm

Question 14

Two other systems that the skin has a role in

Answer 14

Nervous, defence

Question 15

Why is homeostasis important in organisms

Answer 15

For metabolism or
Enzyme activity

Question 16

Precise location in the body where urea was made

Answer 16

Liver

Question 17

Food biomolecule in which urea is derived

Answer 17

Protein

Question 18

In which part of the kidney is the bowman’s capsule located

Answer 18

Cortex

Question 19

In which part of the kidney is the loop of henle located

Answer 19

Medulla

Question 20

State the effect on the volume of urine produced by a high salt intake

Answer 20

Volume decreases

Question 21

Reason for volume decrease of urine after high salt intake

Answer 21

ADH,
From pituitary,
Makes walls of collecting ducts,
More permeable to water,
More water is reabsorbed

Question 22

One possible treatment for kidney failure

Answer 22

Dialysis or,
Transplant

Question 23

Excretion term explain

Answer 23

Removal of metabolic waste from an organism

Question 24

Egestion term explain

Answer 24

Removal of undigested waste from an organism

Question 25

Name two excretory products, other than water, of mammals

Answer 25

Urea, salts, carbon dioxide

Question 26

Where is urea produced

Question 27

Where is salt produced

Question 28

Where is carbon dioxide produced

Question 29

Two structures in flowering plants that play a role in excretion

Answer 29

Stomata, leaves

Question 30

One method of excretion in flowering plants

Answer 30

Diffusion

Question 31

Blood vessel that supplies blood to kidney

Answer 31

Renal artery

Question 32

From which blood vessel does renal artery arise

Answer 32

Aorta

Question 33

In which cavity of the body are the kidneys located

Answer 33

Abdominal cavity

Question 34

Feature of the kidney which indicated that it is an exocrine gland

Answer 34

Has ducts and, Does not produce hormones

Question 35

A sample of urine was found to contain protein. Would this be considered normal? Why?

Answer 35

No, Protein molecules too big to pass into the filtrate

Question 36

A sample of urine was found to contain glucose. Would this be considered normal? Why?

Answer 36

no, Glucose in the filtrate should have been reabsorbed

Question 37

What substance is urea derived from

Answer 37

Protein or, Amino acids

Question 38

What substance is carbon dioxide derived from

Answer 38

Carbohydrates

Question 39

Part of the nephron where filtration occurs

Answer 39

Glomerulus

Question 40

Part of the nephron where the reabsorption of amino acids take place

Answer 40

Proximal tubule

Question 41

Three features of the nephron that aid filtration

Answer 41

Large surface area, Lining one cell thick, Porous cavity walls

Question 42

Group of biomolecules in the blood that are too big to pass through the filtration system

Answer 42

Proteins

Question 43

Define term “ectothermic”

Answer 43

Body temperature varies with environmental temperature

Question 44

Two ways that the body is insulated against heat loss

Answer 44

Fat, Hair

Question 45

Source of heat that allows for homeostasis

Answer 45

Liver

Question 46

How does the body respond when it’s internal temperature rises above the normal level (2)

Answer 46

Sweat, hairs lie flat

Question 47

Describe the hormonal and nervous responses that occur when internal body temperature drops

Answer 47

Hairs stand up, Air trapped, Thyroxine increases metabolic rate