Endocrine system ⚖️ Flashcards
One difference between endocrine and exocrine systems
Endocrine glands are ductless,
Exocrine glands have ducts
Name a gland that has both an exo and endocrine function.
Name its exo and endocrine product
Pancreas,
Exocrine product: enzymes for digestion
Endocrine product: insulin
Hormone that thyroid secretes and functions
Thyroxine, stimulates metabolism
Hormone that adrenals secretes and functions
Adrenaline,
fight or flights response
Give function of medulla oblongata
Controls breathing
Function of cerebellum
Controls coordination
Why is the grey matter so called
Composed of cell bodies
Why is the white matter so called
Composed of myelin
What is meant by the term endocrine
Ductless
Hormone secreted by pituitary
FSH
Function of FSH
Follicle stimulating hormone
Substance produced by pancreas
Insulin
Endocrine tissue in the pancreas that produces insulin
Islets of langerhans
Site of action of insulin
Liver or body cells
Role of insulin
Lowers blood sugar levels
How feedback mechanism works in human endocrine system
Production of one hormone, stimulates the production of another hormone,
Can be positive or negative
Two examples of the use of hormone supplements
Contraception,
Fertility treatments
Stage one change that occurs and the approximate day of the menstrual cycle in which it occurs in the endometrium
Stage one change that occurs and the approximate day of the menstrual cycle in which it occurs in the Ovary
Where in the body are FSH and LH produced
The pituitary gland in the brain
Role of fHS in the menstrual cycle
Role of LH in the menstrual cycle
Name two other hormones that play a role in the menstrual cycle
Term used for glands that excrete hormones
Endocrine
How do endocrine clanks different from those that do not secrete hormones
Ductless
Explain why the pancreas is described as a dual-function gland
It has endocrine and exocrine functions
What is the chemical nature of many hormones
Proteins
Name two hormones in the human body.
State the location that the gland secretes it and the function of the hormone
Thyroxine,
thyroid gland,
controls metabolism,
Adrenaline,
Adrenaline glands, on top of kidney,
Fight or flight helps us to respond to danger
In the case of thyroxine,
Give a deficiency symptom,
Give a symptom of excess secretion, and give a corrective measure for either deficiency or excess
Weigh gain,
Weight loss,
You can have surgery to remove the gland if it secretes excess thyroxine
Two ways growth regulators are similar to hormones in animals
Chemical nature, made in one site and functions in the other
Name growth regulator which promotes growth and give a precise location for a site of its action
IAA, Meristem
Through which part of a stem are growth promoters transported
Xylem and phloem
Two uses of growth promoters in horticulture
Micropropagation, weed killer
An example of a growth regulator which inhibits growth
IAA
What is a hormone
A chemical messenger produced by an endocrine gland
Feedback mechanism for named hormone
When the level of a hormone controls another
One deficiency of a named hormone
Diabetes, insulin
Two situations which may result in a drop in the water content of blood
High salt intake, hot conditions
What hormone is release when water content of blood drops
ADH, Pituitary gland
Target area for ADH and how does the hormone reach the target area
Collecting duct, in the blood
Explain the role of ADH in its target area when water content of the blood is low
Makes walls more permeable resulting in more absorption of water
State two ways in which hormone stimulation differs from nervous stimulation
Hormones have a slower response and a longer duration.
Nervous responses are faster and are of shorter duration
