Blood 🩸 and circulatory system Flashcards
Name period of heart when cardiac muscle is contracting
Syastole
Name period of heart when cardiac muscle is not contracting
Diastole
Location of sinoatrial node (SA node) in heart
Wall of right atrium
Name circuit to which the right ventricle pumps blood
Pulmonary circuit
Name circuit to which the left ventricle pumps blood
Systemic circuit
What cause he audible sounds of the heartbeat
Valves closing
Function of the cardiac artery
Supply cardiac muscles with blood
Describe effect of circulatory system after exercise
Increase heart rate, or,
Strengthens heart muscle
Why is blood on the right side kept separate from the blood on the left
Prevents oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing
What is meant by term diastole
Relaxing
Word used to describe faces of red blood cells
Biconcave
What feature of red blood cells allows them to pass through the narrow capillaries
Flexible
Molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen
Haemoglobin
Based on the composition if human red blood cells, why do they live for about 120 days
No nucleus,
Cannot reproduce,
No mitochondria
Where red blood cells are produced
Bone marrow
Where red blood cells are usually broken down
Liver
Name transport fluid in humans that does not contain red blood cells
Lymph
Five substances transported in the blood
Food molecules,
Water,
Urea,
Hormones,
Oxygen
Role of sinoatrial node (SA Node)
Controls heart rate
Location and role of atrioventricular
In septum between left and right ventricle,
Sends electrical impulses
What is measured when a persons blood pressure is taken
Systolic and diastolic pressures
What is a pulse
The rhythmic stretching of an artery
Why measure pulse at wrist, temple or neck
Artery near the surface
Vein that transports blood out of the muscle of the heart
Cardiac vein
Vein that brings blood away from the kidneys
Renal artery
Veins that carries little carbon dioxide
Pulmonary vein
Vein that has capillaries at both ends
Hepatic portal vein
Vein that brings blood into the right atrium
Vena cava
How is blood moved through veins
Muscles squeezing,
Valves prevent backflow
Four functions of lymphatic system
Fights infection,
Filtering bacteria,
Transports fats,
Transports hormones
Three ways lymph differ from blood
No red blood cells,
No clotting proteins,
No platelets
Structure found in cells in which carbon dioxide is produced
Mitochondrion
Feature of capillary which allows the rapid intake of carbon dioxide
Thin wall
Why are carbon dioxide levels usually higher in venous blood than in arterial blood
Venous blood collected CO2,
Arterial blood has been cleared of CO2
Outline role of carbon dioxide in the control of the human breathing rate
Medulla oblongata registers high CO2 levels in blood,
More C02 results in faster breathing
Group of white blood cells other than lymphocytes
Monocytes
Role of antibodies in the body
to inactivate antigens
Name four types of T cell
Helper, killer, suppressor, memory
Role of helper T cells
Activate killer cell
Role of Killer T cell
Attack infected cells
Role of suppressor T Cells
Stop immune responses
Role of Memory T cells
To remember antigens
Cavity of the body in which the heart and lungs are located
Chest cavity
One way heart muscle differs from other muscles in the body
Doesn’t tire
How is lymph circulated
Muscles squeeze lymph ducts,
Valves prevent back flow
Describe Transport function of the lymphatic system
Transports fats,
Transports antibodies
Describe defensive function of the lymphatic system
Produces antibodies,
Lymph node filters
Explain the term contractile
it can shorten or contract
Which chamber of the heart has the greatest amount of muscles in its wall
Left ventricle
Explain term plasma
Liquid part of blood
Explain term glomerular filtrate
Plasma less proteins
Describe structure of lymphatic system
Lymph nodes/vessels
How is oxygen transported
By oxygen
