Plant responses and seed growth 🌱 Flashcards
Explain Homeostasis
Maintaining a constant internal environment
Two anatomical ways plants can protect themselves
Thorns, cuticle
Two chemical ways plants can protect themselves
Heat shock proteins, stress proteins
Explain germination
Growth of seed into a plant
Explain dispersal
Carrying of a seed away from the parent plant
Dormancy
Period of no growth or no metabolism
Outline how dormancy in seeds benefit plant species
Allows time for greater dispersal
Two roles of water in the process of germination
Transport nutrients, activate metabolism
Two possible food stores in seeds
Endosperm, cotyledon (seed leaf)
What is a tropism
Growth response to a stimulus
Where are auxins produced
Meristem, root tip
Precise benefit to the plant that the shoot is positively phototrophic
More photosynthesis
Two uses of growth regulators in agriculture or horticulture
Micropropagation, rooting powder
Two reasons why the action of an auxin is considered to be similar to the action of a hormone in the human body
Chemical action, widespread effect
What is an auxin
A plant growth regulator
State two inhibitory functions of auxins
Slows mitosis, prevents growth in side branches
How does digestion contribute to successful seed germination
To make nutrients available, to make nutrients more easily absorbed
Name given to region of plants which secrete growth regulators
Meristems
Give an example of a growth regulator which has a negative effect on plant growth
IAA
Explain thigmotropism
Growth response of a plant to touch
Two reasons dispersal in important to plants
Reduces competition, ensures better survival rate
Following fertilisation, from precisely which part of the flower is the seed formed
Explain term monocotyledonous
Plants whos seeds have only one cotyledon
Two bio molecules stores
in endosperm or cotyledon tissue
Lipids, carbohydrates
two ways knowledge of seed dormancy has been useful to humans
Maximise growing season, optimum sowing time
Which part of seed where food for germination is stored
Cotyledon, endosperm
Three factors necessary for seeds to germinate
Water, oxygen, suitable temperatures
Role of respiration in seed germination
Provides energy for growth
Name term for type of asexual reproduction that produces a daughter plant
Vegetative propagation
Is the daughter plant of a plant that underwent vegetative propagation haploid or diploid.
Why?
Diploid,
Product of mitosis
Give two method, other than runner, and not involving seeds, that is used by horticulturist to produce new plant
Micropropagation,
Tissue culture
Two ways growth regulators in plants are similar to hormones in animals
Chemical nature,
Made in one site and functions at another
Plant regulator that promotes growth and precise location for a site of its action
IAA,
Meristem
Which part of stem are growth promoters transported
Vascular tissue
Explain term “adverse external environment”
Surroundings that are harmful to organisms
