Examen Septembre 2018 Flashcards

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1
Q

Q1. (9 points) : Complete the following text with terms from the list below

A. Fixed-mindset			
B. Growth-mindset		
C. Entity theory
D. Incremental theory			
E. Lay beliefs			
F. Resilience
G. Fixed amount of intelligence	
H. Challenges			
I. Defensive

« Mindsets (or implicit theories of intelligence), as psychologists have studied them, are people’s (1) …….. about the nature of human attributes, such as intelligence or personality.
Somme people hold a (2) …….. (or an (3) …….. ). For example, they might believe that each person has a (4) ……..and cannot change that or that each person has a certain personality or moral character and cannot do anything much to alter it.
In contrast, other people hold a (5) …….. (or an (6) …….. ). For example, they may believe that all people, no matter who they are, can become substantially more intelligent, say, through their effort and education, or that all people can take steps to develop their personality or moral character over time.
Much research has shown that when people hold a fixed mindset about their own traits, such as their intelligence, they tend to avoid (7) …….. for fear of showing themselves to be unintelligent (e.g., Blackwell, et al., 2007 ; Robins & Pals, 2001). They also tend to show less (8) …….. in the face of setbacks ; that is, they interpret the setbacks as implying a lack of ability and become discouraged or (9) …….. .

A

Q1. (9 points) : Complete the following text with terms from the list below

A. Fixed-mindset			
B. Growth-mindset		
C. Entity theory
D. Incremental theory			
E. Lay beliefs			
F. Resilience
G. Fixed amount of intelligence	
H. Challenges			
I. Defensive

« Mindsets (or implicit theories of intelligence), as psychologists have studied them, are people’s (1) lay beliefs about the nature of human attributes, such as intelligence or personality.
Somme people hold a (2) fixed-mindset (or an (3) entity theory). For example, they might believe that each person has a (4) fixed amount of intelligence and cannot change that or that each person has a certain personality or moral character and cannot do anything much to alter it.
In contrast, other people hold a (5) growth-mindset (or an (6) incremental theory). For example, they may believe that all people, no matter who they are, can become substantially more intelligent, say, through their effort and education, or that all people can take steps to develop their personality or moral character over time.
Much research has shown that when people hold a fixed mindset about their own traits, such as their intelligence, they tend to avoid (7) challenges for fear of showing themselves to be unintelligent (e.g., Blackwell, et al., 2007 ; Robins & Pals, 2001). They also tend to show less (8) resilience in the face of setbacks ; that is, they interpret the setbacks as implying a lack of ability and become discouraged or (9) defensive.

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2
Q

Exercise 2 (5 points)-Try to match the words in column A with a definition in column B.

Column A

  1. Craving
  2. Salience
  3. A link
  4. To warn
  5. Arousal level

Column B
A. Make someone conscious of a danger or problem.
B. An individual’s degree of alterness or responsiveness to stimuli
C. A strong desire to consume a particular substance-eg of abuse (cocaine), or food (chocolate)
D. The quality of being particularly noticeable or important, prominence
E. A relation / a connection

A
Exercise 2 (5 points)-Try to match the words in column A with a definition in column B. 
1C – 2D – 3E – 4A – 5B 
  1. Craving
    C. A strong desire to consume a particular substance-eg of abuse (cocaine), or food (chocolate)
  2. Salience
    D. The quality of being particularly noticeable or important, prominence
  3. A link
    E. A relation / a connection
  4. To warn
    A. Make someone conscious of a danger or problem.
  5. Arousal level
    B. An individual’s degree of alterness or responsiveness to stimuli
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3
Q

Q1 – Which of the options below is an example of a stereotype ?
A. Jack has the opinion that women are sensitive people
B. Studies show that women are less often hired than men when interviewed for jobs 

C. Robert dislikes women 


D. Peter feels that Michelle is behaving like a little childe

A

Q1 – Which of the options below is an example of a stereotype ?

A. Jack has the opinion that women are sensitive people

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4
Q
Q2 – When we think of Madonna and Mickael Jackson as pop stars, we pay less attention to the differences between them than when we think of them as a woman and man respectively. This illustrates the effect of
A. Social categorization
B. Prejudice  
C. Discrimination 
D. Stereotypical snap judgments
A

Q2 – When we think of Madonna and Mickael Jackson as pop stars, we pay less attention to the differences between them than when we think of them as a woman and man respectively. This illustrates the effect of

A. Social categorization

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5
Q
Q3 – Which of the following techniques does NOT measure stereotypes and prejudice on an implicit level ? 
A. Self-reports
B. Facial electromyography (EMG)
C. Priming
D. Implicit Association Test (IAT)
A

Q3 – Which of the following techniques does NOT measure stereotypes and prejudice on an implicit level ?

A. Self-reports

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6
Q

Q4. Contact between groups diminishes prejudice if this contact involves

a. Mutual competition
b. Formation of personal relationships
c. Realistic conflict
d. Formation of subgroups

A

Q4. Contact between groups diminishes prejudice if this contact involves

b. Formation of personal relationships

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7
Q

Q5. That people feel relatively positive about groups that live nearby demonstrates the effects of

a. Social categorization
b. Stereotype suppression
c. Intergroup contact
d. Correcting stereotypic judgments

A

Q5. That people feel relatively positive about groups that live nearby demonstrates the effects of

c. Intergroup contact

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8
Q

Q6. Although she was as qualified as her male colleagues, Miriam was never considered for the post of an executive. Miriam is a victim of

a. Whistle-blowing
b. Reasonable accommodation
c. A glass ceiling
d. An affirmative action

A

Q6. Although she was as qualified as her male colleagues, Miriam was never considered for the post of an executive. Miriam is a victim of

c. A glass ceiling

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9
Q

Q7. What organization publishes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ?

a. American Psychological Association
b. American Psychiatric Association
c. American Medical Association
d. National Alliance for the Mentally III

A

Q7. What organization publishes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ?

b. American Psychiatric Association

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10
Q

Q8. The DSM reflects a medical model of psychopathology, according to which …

a. Each mental disorder is a byproduct of a medical disorder centered in a part of the body other than the brain
b. Each mental disorder is an entity defined categorically and features a list of specific symptoms
c. Medication is the only acceptable form of treatment for mental disorders
d. Psychotherapy cannot be expected to succeed unless it is accompanied by medication

A

Q8. The DSM reflects a medical model of psychopathology, according to which …

b. Each mental disorder is an entity defined categorically and features a list of specific symptoms

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11
Q

Q9. The DSM-5 revision was an effort to get the diagnostic codes for mental health disorders in line with

a. The need to simplify the diagnostic process of mental health disorders in the USA
b. The roll out and implementation of ICD-10-CM Codes
c. The mandate of the American Psychiatric Association to update its processes
d. The new Affordable Care Act Rulings

A

Q9. The DSM-5 revision was an effort to get the diagnostic codes for mental health disorders in line with

b. The roll out and implementation of ICD-10-CM Codes

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12
Q

Q10. Which disorder is characterized by an inability to remember a traumatic incident ?

a. Post-traumatic stress disorder
b. Conversion disorder
c. Schizophrenia
d. Dissociative amnesia

A

Q10. Which disorder is characterized by an inability to remember a traumatic incident ?

d. Dissociative amnesia

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13
Q

Q11. Which of the following disorders involves physical complaints or disabilities that occur in the absence of physical pathology ?

a. Anxiety Disorders
b. Cognitive Disorders
c. Somatoform disorders
d. Dissociative disorders

A

Q11. Which of the following disorders involves physical complaints or disabilities that occur in the absence of physical pathology ?

c. Somatoform disorders

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14
Q

Q12. According to Wendy Pullin, The most striking gender difference among the personality disorders appears in ___ ? ___ personality disorder, where men are five times more likely to be diagnosed with the disorder than are females. By contrast, ___ ? ___ personality disorder affects more females than it affects males.

a. Narcissistic ; obsessive-compulsive
b. Obsessive-compulsive ; antisocial
c. Antisocial ; borderline
d. Schizotypal ; narcissistic

A

Q12. According to Wendy Pullin, The most striking gender difference among the personality disorders appears in ___ ? ___ personality disorder, where men are five times more likely to be diagnosed with the disorder than are females. By contrast, ___ ? ___ personality disorder affects more females than it affects males.

c. Antisocial ; borderline

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15
Q

Q13. Supervisor who gives his employee the same rating on all items up for evaluation even though the employee varies on these dimensions is engaging in

a. Leniency error
b. The halo effect
c. A central tendency error
d. A severity error

A

Q13. Supervisor who gives his employee the same rating on all items up for evaluation even though the employee varies on these dimensions is engaging in

b. The halo effect

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16
Q

Q14. A manager redesigning a job to make it physically easier for workes to perform is an example of transforming which key resource element ?

a. Tasks
b. Technology
c. Organisational culture
d. People

A

Q14. A manager redesigning a job to make it physically easier for workes to perform is an example of transforming which key resource element ?

a. Tasks

17
Q

Q15. Which term best describes on-joing stressful conditions, such as global warming, fear of job loss, or the rising cost of living ?

a. Distress
b. Chronic stress
c. Eustress
d. Episodic stress

A

Q15. Which term best describes on-joing stressful conditions, such as global warming, fear of job loss, or the rising cost of living ?

b. Chronic stress

18
Q

Q16. ___ ? ___ job demand is associated with the content of the job (time pressure, work overload, task complexity …) whereas ___ ? ___ job demand include characteristics like job instability or insecurity due to the global economy

a. Proximal / distal
b. Distal / proximal
c. Structural / functional
d. Functional / structural

A

Q16. ___ ? ___ job demand is associated with the content of the job (time pressure, work overload, task complexity …) whereas ___ ? ___ job demand include characteristics like job instability or insecurity due to the global economy

a. Proximal / distal

19
Q

Q17. Women’s Aid is a UK charity ___ ? ___ aim is to end domestic violence against women and children.

a. who
b. whose
c. which
d. what
e. whom

A

Q17. Women’s Aid is a UK charity ___ ? ___ aim is to end domestic violence against women and children.

b. whose

20
Q

Q18. The notion of the state and the notion of war are said ___ ? ___ in ancient Sumer and later Egypt.

a. to be emerged
b. to have emerged
c. having been emerged
d. being emerged
e. to emerge

A

Q18. The notion of the state and the notion of war are said ___ ? ___ in ancient Sumer and later Egypt.

b. to have emerged

21
Q

Q19. When the tower ___ ? ___ to the public a decade ago, officials said it ___ ? ___ open again in just a few years

a. closed / had been
b. was closed / has been
c. would be closed / would be
d. was closing / was
e. was closed / would be

A

Q19. When the tower ___ ? ___ to the public a decade ago, officials said it ___ ? ___ open again in just a few years

e. was closed / would be

22
Q

Q20. I never forget ___ ? ___ my temper when my wife shouted at me, although now I regret ___ ? ___ so.

a. to lose / doing
b. losing / having done
c. having lost / to do
d. to have lost / to have done
e. being lost / having been done

A

Q20. I never forget ___ ? ___ my temper when my wife shouted at me, although now I regret ___ ? ___ so.

b. losing / having done

23
Q

Q21. Most serious students work hard ___ ? ___ themselves ___ ? ___ to a good university.

a. to get / admitted
b. having got / to admit
c. getting / being admitted
d. to have got / admitting
e. got / being admitted

A

Q21. Most serious students work hard ___ ? ___ themselves ___ ? ___ to a good university.

a. to get / admitted

24
Q

Q22. No problem, I’ll just tell the professor that I ___ ? ___ him when he told us when the paper was due.

a. used to misunderstand
b. should have misunderstood
c. could misunderstand
d. must have misunderstood
e. had better misunderstand

A

Q22. No problem, I’ll just tell the professor that I ___ ? ___ him when he told us when the paper was due.

d. must have misunderstood

25
Q

Q23. ___ ? ___ we get to the aiport, ___ ? ___ time we will have for shopping before take-off.

a. as much / the least
b. so much / that
c. the sooner / the more
d. the more / the less
e. whenerver / just as

A

Q23. ___ ? ___ we get to the aiport, ___ ? ___ time we will have for shopping before take-off.

c. the sooner / the more

26
Q

Q24. The board was reluctant to announce the news ___ ? ___ they might upset the members.

a. so that
b. in case of
c. although
d. lest
e. for fear of

A

Q24. The board was reluctant to announce the news ___ ? ___ they might upset the members.

d. lest

27
Q

Q25. ___ ? ___ her subject thoroughly over a period of two years, Pelin was finally ready to start ___ ? ___ her master’s thesis.

a. to be researched / having written
b. researched / wrote
c. to research / to be written
d. having researched / writing
e. researched / to write

A

Q25. ___ ? ___ her subject thoroughly over a period of two years, Pelin was finally ready to start ___ ? ___ her master’s thesis.

d. having researched / writing

28
Q

Q26. You failed all of your exams this semester because you ___ ? ___ computer games when you ___ ? ___.

a. were playing / should have been studying
b. could be playing / used to study
c. had to play / ought to study
d. played / must have been studying
e. have been playing / were studying

A

Q26. You failed all of your exams this semester because you ___ ? ___ computer games when you ___ ? ___.

a. were playing / should have been studying