EXAM - Genetics

Question 1

when are chromosomes condensed in a karyotype?

Answer 1

metaphase of mitosis

Question 2

karyotype

Answer 2

portrait containing homologous chromosomes next to each other in order of descending size`

Question 3

autosomes

Answer 3

22/23 pairs of our chromosomes are autosomes… chromosome not involved with “Sex”

Question 4

sex chromosomes of female

Answer 4

XX

Question 5

sex chromosomes of male

Answer 5

XY

Question 6

aneuploidy

Answer 6

condition caused by an abnormal amount of chromosomes… caused by nondisjunction

Question 7

nondisjunction

Answer 7

members of pairs of homologous chromosomes do not split during meiosis one OR sister chromatids fail to separate at meiosis 2…. can cause gamete to have extra chromosome or lack one

Question 8

karyotype of a normal male

Answer 8

XY (total chromosome = 46)

Question 9

karyotype of a normal female

Answer 9

XX (total chromosome = 46)

Question 10

karyotype of a person with Down syndrome

Answer 10

Extra #21 chromosome AKA: trisomy 21 (total chromosome = 47)

Question 11

karyotype of a male with Klinefelter

Answer 11

XXY (total chromosome = 47)

Question 12

karyotype of a female with turner syndrome

Answer 12

monosomy X (missing an X chromosome) (total chromosome = 45)

Question 13

polygenic inheritance

Answer 13

usually having to do with height, the inheritance of a trait governed by more than one gene…

Question 14

Punnett square what represents what?

Answer 14

outside shows possible gametes inside shows possible genotypesc

Question 15

crossing over occurs

Answer 15

prophase 1 of meiosis

Question 16

crossing over

Answer 16

exchanging of segments of homologous NON sister chromatids

Question 17

testcross

Answer 17

seeing what genotypes an organism can have by crossing a homozygous recessive gamete with a organisms possible gametes

Question 18

gene locus

Answer 18

particular site which a gene is found on a chromosome

Question 19

allele

Answer 19

alternative version of a gene