Exam Evo Flashcards
Principales of natural selection
Parents pass down traits to their offspring
More offspring are produced then can survive
offspring are genetic different
Rules of variation
Variation effects Evo only if
Variation is genetic base
Brought about by a mutation which helps hurts or none
Rules of natural selection
Natural selection does create variation
Time and place dependent
Fitness is determined by ability to survive
Common misconception of natural selection
Individuals don’t evolve pops do
Species don’t evolve pops do
Evo can occur in as little as one generation
Natural selection is random it does not work based of the needs of a population
Evolution or descent with modification is a law: natural selection is theory that drives evolution
Hypothesis v theory v law
Hypo: testable explanation
Theory: large scale explanation
Scientific law: unchanging description or pattern
Modern law of evolution
A change in the frequency of alleles in a population from one generation to the next
Evidences of evolution
Direct observation
Fossil record
- vestigle structures
- transitional forms
- ancient resemblance
Anatomy
- homologous/ analogous structures
-Embryonic development
Biogeography
Molecular/DNA similarity
Prezygotic barriers and post
Repro isolation
Hábitat iso
-pre
- both allo and sym
Temporal
-pre
-sym
Behavioral
-pre
-sym
Mechanical
-pre
-sym
Gametic
-pre
-sym
InViable hybrid
-post
-sym
Infertile hybrid
-post
-sym
Hybrid zones
Reinforcement
Fusion
Stability
- conditions for Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
(Evolution to stop)
All
1 mutations
2 sexual selection(non rand mate)
3 natural selection
4 genetic drift (small pop)
5 gene flow (migration)
Why no perfect organism
Selection can only act on exsisting
Evolution is limited to historical
Adaptations are often compromises
Chance natural selection and environment interact
Levels of classifications
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Speicies
Times
4.0 billion bombardment stops
3.9 billlion years life begins
3.5 biofilm found on stromatolites
3.2 photosynthesis starts
2.9 to 2.1 (2.3) O2 revolution
2.1 first eukaryotes
1.5 billion first multicellular organisms
