Ecology Week 2

Question 1

Exponential growth

Answer 1

J curve
Unlimited

Question 2

Carrying capacity

Answer 2

Max number of specieas an area con sustain

If population goes over species will die

Question 3

Logístic growth

Answer 3

Starts like j curve but the closer it gets to it’s carrying capacity the rate of change will slow down creating an a shape

Question 4

R selected

Answer 4

J curve
Mature quickly
Shorter longevity
Decreased parents care
Decreased competitive ability (weak sauce)
Way more offspring
Smaller offspring
Mature quickly

Type 3

Question 5

K selected

Answer 5

Have a s curve or logistic growth
Greater longevity
Mature slowly
Increased parental care
Increase compete ability (strong mo fo)
Less off spring
Larger offspring
Type 1

Question 6

Humans

Answer 6

K selected but apear exponential
We can change are environment so we cheat

The wider the base the faster at larger the growth

Column means no growth 
Narrower means decline

Question 7

Population dependent v independent factors

Answer 7

Does it have to do with size

Dependent : as density increases
Effect increases

Independiente: no correlation ie disasters

Question 8

Predation

Answer 8

Predator +
Pray -

Question 9

Herbivory

Answer 9

Animal +
Plant -

Question 10

Compition

Answer 10

Negative for both sides
Causes one side to die and requires lots of energy

Question 11

Facilitation

Answer 11

So when something grows in an area that makes it livable for other species
Original species 0 new species +

Question 12

Mutualism

Answer 12

Symbiosis
Both benefit
Co evolved

Question 13

Parasitism

Answer 13

+-
Relies on the host for nutrients
Host doesn’t die

Question 14

Commensalism

Answer 14

One thing + and the other is nuetral 0

Question 15

Amensalism

Answer 15

One organism is harmed and the other is no benefit

Question 16

Mechanical defenses

Answer 16

Physical property
Ie thorns shells spikes etc

Question 17

Chemical defense

Answer 17

Toxins poisons bad smell etc

Question 18

Cryptic shape / color

Answer 18

Camouflage ie. Camilian stock bug

Question 19

Aposematic coloration

Answer 19

Want to be seen
Bright colors or patterns that warn of bad tastes or poisons

Question 20

Batesian mimicry

Answer 20

Harmless species that looks like the harmful species

Question 21

Mullirían

Answer 21

Many harmful organisms that mimic each other

Question 22

Niche

Answer 22

What it does
What it eats
What eats it
What chemicals and nutrients it provides

Question 23

Fundamental vs realized niche

Answer 23

Fundamental is what it can do if it has too (survival)

Realized what it does under normal circumstances (small circle)

Question 24

Foundational species

Answer 24

Creates habitat for other species to live that would not exists with out them (beavers)

Question 25

Keystone species

Answer 25

Species who’s pressence brings about and maintains a higher biodiversity

Question 26

Primary succession

Answer 26

No life left Volcanic eruption Gaicer retreat

Question 27

Secondary successor

Answer 27

Still some life left Fire floods Pioneer species lay the ground work for more species to come in the future

Question 28

Drivers of behavior

Answer 28

Predation Locating and get resources Competion Malentities Locating a mate and f ing Interpreting messages and cues Responses may very throughout the life span

Question 29

Ultimate cause

Answer 29

The evolutionary cause The pressure

Question 30

Proximate cause

Answer 30

The trigger or why they are doing it right now

Question 31

Innate behaviors

Answer 31

Inherited or genetic No one had to teach them Instinct

Question 32

Learned behaviors

Answer 32

Things that are learned over time

Question 33

Simple reflexes

Answer 33

Are inste behaviors Where this an involuntary rapid response to a stimulus

Question 34

Fixed action pattern

Answer 34

Inate behavior Has to go through complete course of action before it can stop Like complex reflex

Question 35

Other innate behaviors

Answer 35

Migration Foraging Signal displays ( ie non verbal verbal or even chemical communication to help find a mate or a partner as well as too warn or distract) Altruism ( sacrifice one self for the common good of the group)

Question 36

Habituations

Answer 36

Learned When something learns to ignore a stimulus

Question 37

Imprinting

Answer 37

Learned behavior Age specific and independent of species Youth attach themselves to first large object they see

Question 38

Classical conditioning

Answer 38

Learned behavior When an organism learns tow associate two separate stimuli

Question 39

Operant conditioning

Answer 39

Use positive or negative reinforcement to incourage or discourage a certain behavior

Question 40

Cognitive learning

Answer 40

Using your brain to learn Watch and doing Following instruction and listening and reading Trial