Exam 6 Study Questions: Articulation III, Swallowing Physiology, and Auditory Anatomy

Question 1

T/F the velar elevators include the levator veli palatine, musculus uvulae, and palatoglossus

Answer 1

false the palatoglossus is not a velar elevator

Question 2

T/F during the esophageal stage of swallowing, the bolus is moved down the esophagus in a wavelike motion.

Answer 2

true

Question 3

T/F the cochlea has 3 air-filled chambers: scala vestibuli, scala media, and scala tympani

Answer 3

false: the cochlea is fluid filled

Question 4

T/F the pharynx and the larynx elevate during the pharyngeal stage of swallowing

Answer 4

false the velum and larynx elevate

Question 5

Which part of the pharyngeal constrictor muscle make up the sides and back wall of the nasopharynx?
superior
middle
inferior

Answer 5

superior

Question 6

The middle ear contains:
tympanic membrane
cochlea
malleus
external auditory meatus

Answer 6

malleus

Question 7

The cricopharyngeus muscle arises from the sides of the __________ cartilage?

Answer 7

cricoid

Question 8

Which swallowing stage can be bypassed?
oral transport stage
oral prepatory stage
pharyngeal stage

Answer 8

oral preparatory stage

Question 9

T/F the rocking of the stapes creates waves in the cochlear fluids?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F the mandibular depressors include digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and platysma

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F bolus formation occurs in the pharyngeal stage

Answer 11

false the formation occurs in the oral prepatory stage

Question 12

Which of the following is a component of the outer ear?
ossicles
pinna
cochlea
organ of corti

Answer 12

pinna

Question 13

All are velar elevators except
musculus uvulae
levator veli palatine
palatoglossus
tensor veli palatine

Answer 13

palatoglossus (it is a velar depressor)

Question 14

T/F the oral transport stage the bolus is pushed back toward the oropharynx by the tongue?

Answer 14

True

Question 15

The tympanic membrane is also known as what?
ossicle
eustachian tube
ear canal
ear drum

Answer 15

ear drum

Question 16

T/F mastication is the process of swallowing

Answer 16

false matication is the process of chewing

Question 17

Which bone is not a part of the ossicles bone structure?
malleus
incus
stapes
cochlea

Answer 17

cochlea (it is a part of the inner ear)

Question 18

T/F the inner ear consists of both the cochlea and the vestibular apparatus

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F the outer ear is made up of the pinna, external auditory meatus, tympatic membrane

Answer 19

True

Question 20

T/F the middle ear is made up of ossicles, and eustachain tube

Answer 20

True

Question 21

The inner ear is made up of cochlea, vestibular apparatus, and ossicles

Answer 21

true

Question 22

What is the space between the tongue and the epiglottis

Answer 22

valleculae

Question 23

What is frequency’s subjective correlate?
pitch
sound
pressure

Answer 23

pitch

Question 24

What part of the outer ear has no fatty protection and is more subject to frostbite?

Answer 24

auricle

Question 25

T/F the 3 bones of the middle ear are the malleus, incus, and stapes

Answer 25

True

Question 26

T/F the back of the tongue is elevated in the oral preparatory stage

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What stage of swallowing is critical for airway protection?

Answer 27

pharyngeal stage

Question 28

T/F the mandibular elevators are geniohyoid muscle, mylohyoid muscle, and digastric muscle

Answer 28

false the mandibular depressors*

Question 29

T/F there are 2 rows of outer hair cells and 2 rows of inner hair cells

Answer 29

false there are three rows of outer hair cells and 1 row of inner hair cells

Question 30

T/F during the pharyngeal stage of swallowing, the velopharyngeal port is closed?

Answer 30

true

Question 31

T/F the 3 bones in the ossicles are the malleus, incus, and staples

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Which muscles dialtes the eustachian tube?

Answer 32

tensor veli palatine

Question 33

T/F stage 1 of swallowing can be bypassed

Answer 33

True

Question 34

T/F the middle ear converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.

Answer 34

false the inner ear does

Question 35

T/F the 3 fluid filled chambers of the cochlea are the scala vestibule, scala tympani, and the scala media

Answer 35

true

Question 36

T/F the esophageal stage is voluntary

Answer 36

false- its involuntary

Question 37

T/F the two velar depressors are the palatoglossus and the palatopharyngeus muscles

Answer 37

true

Question 38

Out of the four swallowing stages, which are involuntary stages 1 and 2 stages 2 and 3 stages 3 and 4

Answer 38

stages 3 and 4

Question 39

Which term is defined as the space between the tongue and the epiglottis?

Answer 39

the vallecula

Question 40

T/F the pinna collects sound and funnels it into the ear canal

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What is the receptor of hearing? cochlea organ of corti stapes auditory nerve

Answer 41

origin of corti

Question 42

T/F the cricopharyngeus is the muscular orifice of the esophagus

Answer 42

True

Question 43

the medial pterygoid muscle is a mandible depressor

Answer 43

false it is a mandible elevator

Question 44

one funtion of the middle ear ossicles is to help amplfy the sound signal

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Which muscle is known as the muscular orifice of the esophagus?

Answer 45

Cricopharyngeus muscle

Question 46

Which stages of swallowing is the most critical stage of swallowing?

Answer 46

pharyngeal stage

Question 47

In which part of the ear does mechanical energy get converted into hydraulic energy?

Answer 47

inner ear

Question 48

T/F the velum lowers only when using a few nasal sounds in english?

Answer 48

True

Question 49

T/F the function of the osscles in the middle ear is to transmit sound from the ear drum to the cochlea

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What is the origin of corti? * it contains hair cells that generate neural impulses and send energy to the brain * it is located in the medial and posterior portion of the soft palate

Answer 50

it contains har cells that generate neural impulses and send energy to the brain

Question 51

T/F the 3 ossicles of the middle ear are the malleus, incus, and cochlea

Answer 51

false the 3 ossicles of the middle ear are the malleus, incus, and stapes

Question 52

T/F the energy changes from acoustic to mechanical energy in the middle ear

Answer 52

True

Question 53

T/F the organ of corti has 3 rows of outer hair cells and 1 row of inner hair cells

Answer 53

True

Question 54

T/F the outer ear consists of the pinna, tympanic membrane, and the external auditory meatus

Answer 54

true

Question 55

T/F there is hyolaryngeal elevation during the pharyngeal stage of swallowing

Answer 55

True

Question 56

Which is not one of the ossicles stapes, scala media, incus

Answer 56

scala media

Question 57

T/F the inner ear turns acoustic energy into mechanical energy

Answer 57

false the middle ear does

Question 58

Which muscle dialates the eustachian tube?

Answer 58

tensor veli palatine

Question 59

T/F the medial pterygoid protrudes the mandible

Answer 59

false the lateral pterygoid

Question 60

T/F the bolus is moved down the esophagus with peristaltic (wavelike) motion

Answer 60

true

Question 61

Which of the following structures prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing? uvula epiglottis vocal folds

Answer 61

epiglottis

Question 62

During which phase of swallowing is the bolus voluntarily pushed to the back of the oral cavity?

Answer 62

oral transit phase

Question 63

T/F the epiglottis helps protect the airway by covering the laryngeal inlet during swallowing

Answer 63

True

Question 64

The orgin of corti contains ________ rows of hair cells

Answer 64

4 rows of hair cells

Question 65

T/F the oral stage of a swallow is volitionally controlled

Answer 65

True

Question 66

What are the four mandibular depressors?

Answer 66

digastric, mylohyoid, platysma, geniohyoid

Question 67

T/F during the oral preparatory stage the tongue back is elevated

Answer 67

true

Question 68

T/F the oral transport stage begins when the bolus reaches the faucial pillars

Answer 68

false the pharyngeal stage begins when the bolus reaches the faucial pillars

Question 69

The base of the cochlea responds to waht type of frequencies?

Answer 69

High frequencies

Question 70

T/F during the oral transport, the velum is elevated and the velopharyngeal port is closed

Answer 70

True

Question 71

T/F in the cochlea, the base responds best to high frequencies and the apex responds best to low frequncies

Answer 71

True

Question 72

What structure in the inner ear is primarily responsible for converting sound vibrations into neural signals?

Answer 72

cochlea

Question 73

Which of the following muscles depresses the velum? palatopharyngeus tensor veli palatini musculus uvulae

Answer 73

palatopharyngeus

Question 74

Which structure contains the organ of Corti?

Answer 74

cochlea

Question 75

T/F the pmc muscles reduce pharyngeal space

Answer 75

true

Question 76

T/F peripheral auditory system includes outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear

Answer 76

True

Question 77

T/F the inner ear performs anaysis on the acoustic signal

Answer 77

true

Question 78

T/F the ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) are located in the inner ear, just before the cochlea

Answer 78

False: the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) are located in the middle ear, before the inner ear in which the cochlea is located

Question 79

The organ of Corti is the receptor organ of hearing, conducted by _______________

Answer 79

3 rows of outer hair cells and 1 row of inner hair cells

Question 80

T/F the pyriform sinus is the space between the aryepiglottic fold and thyroid cartilage

Answer 80

True

Question 81

What important sphincter muscle is also an inferior constrictor muscle?

Answer 81

cricopharyngeus

Question 82

Which of the following is the "spiral-shaped structure" found in the ear cochlea tympanic membrane organ of corti

Answer 82

tympanic membrane

Question 83

Which of the following is not a part of the central auditory system? brain vestibulocochlear nerve middle ear

Answer 83

middle ear

Question 84

t/f the valleculae is by the base of the tongue and the velum

Answer 84

false the valleculae is by the base of the tongue and epiglottis

Question 85

T/F the vestibular apparatus helps with balance

Answer 85

true