Exam 2 Study Guide Flashcards
What is an intrinsic laryngeal muscle?
an intrinsic muscle has both origin and insertion on laryngeal cartilages
What is an extrinsic laryngeal muscle?
an extrinsic muscle has one attachment on a laryngeal cartilage and the other attachment on a nonlaryngeal structure
What are the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?
adductors, abductors, tensors and relaxers
As pitch increases what also increases?
frequency increases
As pitch decreases what also decreases?
frequency decreases
What is the function of tensors?
stretch vocal folds, results in thinner and tensor vocal folds creates a higher pitch
What is the function of a relaxer?
shorten vocal folds, results in thicker and laxer vocal folds (lower pitch)
What are the lip elevators?
levator labii superioris, zygomatic minor, zygomatic major, levator Anguli oris
What are the lip depressors?
depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris, mentalis muscle, and platysma
What is the function of the levator labii superioris and zygomatic minor?
to elevate upper lip
What is the function of the zygomatic major?
to elevate and retract angle of the mouth – smiling
What is the function of the levator anguli oris?
to draw mouth up medially
What is the function of the depressor labii inferioris?
pull lip down and out
What is the function of the depressor anguli oris?
depresses corners of the mouth
What is the function of the mentalis muscle?
to elevate and wrinkle chin and pulls lower lip out (pouting)
What is the function of the platysma?
to depress the mandible
What are the intrinsic tongue muscles?
superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse muscle, vertical muscle
What are the extrinsic tongue muscles?
genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus,
What is the function of the superior longitudinal?
to elevate the tongue tip
What is the function of the inferior longitudinal muscle?
to pull the tongue tip down
what is the function of the transverse muscle?
when contracted to narrow the tongue tip
What is the function of the vertical muscle?
when contacted to flatten the tongue tip
What is the genioglossus?
the primary tongue mover (the bulk of the tongue)
What is the function of the hyoglossus?
to pull the sides of the tongue down
what is the function of the styloglossus?
to draw the tongue back and up
What is the function of the palatoglossus?
elevates the back of the tongue and lowers the velum
