Exam 6 Material (Communities: Structure and Function)

Question 1

What is being described?:
- is made up of many dimensions (multidimensional) and it is going to dictate where an organism can live, what it eats, what eats it, and who it competes with (what biotic factors it can handle and not handle)

Answer 1

ecological niche

Question 2

What is being described?:
- is when a species is excluding another species from an area that it would be otherwise able to survive in
- Species will compete with each other over resources, especially if their niches overlap with each other, but the species can partition these resources among themselves (ex: feeding on food in different ways/in different locations—prevents direct competition) (niche helps to minimize competition)

Answer 2

Competitive exclusion

Question 3

Which type of species is being described?:
- are not necessarily very abundant but they play an important/pivotal role (we often find predators to be _________ species)

Answer 3

Keystone species

Question 4

What is being described?:
- are where the species start to interact with each other
- is all of the different populations in a given area at a given time interacting with each other

Answer 4

Communities

Question 5

Which type of niche is being described?:
- when you pull back all of the dimensions of a niche, what you have left is the specie’s niche, which is referred to as the ________
- it can’t occupy all of the different types of areas that it could possibly exist in/is the niche without any competition

Answer 5

Fundamental niche

Question 6

In communities, which type of niche is more common?

Answer 6

realized niche (what happens when there is competition)

Question 7

What is being described?:
- The resources that are the most difficult to get
- going to restrict the kinds of areas they can live in (when they’re competing with another species, the __________ could dictate how well they are going to be able to compete with that competition—-is a combination of biotic and abiotic factors)

Answer 7

Limiting resources

Question 8

Which type of relationship is being described?:
- is a negative-negative relationship (nobody benefits b/c they’re taking resources from each other) (natural selection doesn’t support this)

Answer 8

Competition

Question 9

Which type of relationship is being described?:
- is a plus-minus relationship (where one species is benefiting and the other is suffering)

Answer 9

Predation/parasitism

Question 10

Which type of relationship is being described?:
- where one species benefits and the other isn’t harmed or helped

Answer 10

Commensalism

Question 11

Which type of relationship is being described?:
- is a plus-plus relationship

Answer 11

Mutualism

Question 12

Which type of species is being described?:
- are the ones that are going to be the most abundant/make up the majority of the life of the community

Answer 12

Dominant species

Question 13

What is it called when species live in the same area?

Answer 13

Sympatric

Question 14

What is it called when species live in different areas?

Answer 14

Allopatric