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OTC > Exam 5 - Diaper Dermatitis + Prickly Heat > Flashcards

Exam 5 - Diaper Dermatitis + Prickly Heat Flashcards

1
Q

ABCDE’s of Diaper Dermatitis: Allow diaper to air dry and for the child to have diaper free time when possible

A

Air (A)

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2
Q

ABCDE’s of Diaper Dermatitis: Use skin protectants liberally in the diaper area

A

Barrier (B)

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3
Q

ABCDE’s of Diaper Dermatitis: Use soft cloth/warm water/baby wipe when stool is present

A

Cleansing (C)

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4
Q

ABCDE’s of Diaper Dermatitis: Change diaper frequently even when not fully soiled

A

Diaper (D)

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5
Q

ABCDE’s of Diaper Dermatitis: Counsel child’s caregivers on good practices of diaper hygiene

A

Education (E)

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6
Q

How frequently should a diaper be changed if not fully soiled?

A

Approximately every 2 hours or 6 times per day

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7
Q

True or False: It is okay to use the unsoiled portion of a diaper to clean/wipe the skin

A

False

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8
Q

What should be used for cleansing?

A

Fragrance free, sensitive skin wipes

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9
Q

What is the most common dermatologic disorder in infancy?

A

Diaper Dermatitis

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10
Q

True or False: Diaper dermatitis is an infectious condition

A

False

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11
Q

What is the most effective way to prevent diaper dermatitis?

A

Frequently changing diapers

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12
Q

True or False: Diaper dermatitis can be treated with OTC hydrocortisone in children under 2 years of age.

A

False (hydrocortisone is not recommended in children under 2 and should not applied in the diaper area without supervision of a provider)

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13
Q

Non-specific term used in several disorders (generally characterized by erythema and inflammation)

A

Dermatitis

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14
Q

A group of inflammatory skin disorders (example: atopic dermatitis)

A

Eczema

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15
Q

Redness

A

Erythema

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16
Q

Edematous

A

Swollen with excessive fluid accumulation

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17
Q

Small, solid, inflammatory elevation of the skin that does NOT contain puss

A

Papules

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18
Q

Itching

A

Pruritis

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19
Q

Xerosis

A

Dry Skin

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20
Q

Continual, widespread scaling of the skin

A

Ichthyosis

21
Q

Blocking or covering an area

A

Occlusion

22
Q

Which condition can be caused by contact or allergic dermatitis and presents with acute inflammation of the skin?

A

Diaper Dermatitis

23
Q

What age group experiences diaper dermatitis most frequently and how early can it occur after birth?

A

-Mostly 2 years and younger
-Can occur as early as 7 days after birth

24
Q

Infant’s perineal region is only about how thick compared to adults?

A

1/2 to 1/3 of the thickness (? just now its thinner and more subject to moisture and wetness)

25
Q

Newborns need a diaper change every..

A

2 hours

26
Q

Older infants increase diaper changing intervals to every..

A

3-4 hours

27
Q

Breastfed vs Formula Fed: Which group seems to have a lower incidence of diaper rash and less copious, less alkaline, and less caustic to the skin

A

Breastfed

28
Q

**What is the primary difference between diaper dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis?

A

Diaper dermatitis only manifests in the diaper region avoiding skin folds

29
Q

What is the clinical presentation of diaper dermatitis?

A

-Erythematous (bright red)
-Sometimes shiny, wet-looking patches
-Mainly in the area where diaper is
-May spread to other areas
-Full blown rash can appear in hours, but may take days to resolve completely

30
Q

If diaper dermatitis is not treated properly, it can predispose the infant to…

A

Secondary infections

31
Q

What makes diaper dermatitis difficult?

A

-Manifestation of other condition
-Infants born to immunocompromised mothers
-Primary infections of skin may appear like diaper dermatitis

32
Q

When to refer diaper dermatitis?

A

-Inguinal swelling
-Fever
-Chills
-Tachycardia
-Blisters/vesicles
-Irregular borders surrounded by bumps

33
Q

Non-pharmacological goals of diaper rash

A

-reduce occlusion
-reduce contact time with feces/urine
-reduce mechanical irritation/trauma
-protect skin from further irritation
-encourage healing
-prevent secondary infection

34
Q

Pharmacologic goals of diaper rash

A

-protect skin from further contact with feces/urine
-soothe discomfort
-encourage healing
-prevent secondary infection

35
Q

-Physical barrier between skin and irritants
-Absorbs moisture OR prevent moisture from coming into contact with skin
-Should be applied with EACH diaper change

A

Skin Protectants

36
Q

By law, which OTC products cannot claim to treat diaper dermatitis?

A

-antimicrobials
-topical analgesics
-antifungals

37
Q

Commonly used for diaper dermatitis, must be removed with soap

A

Zinc oxide (Destin) —> another option called L-2-3 Paste

38
Q

What is the most commonly seen brand name of Petrolatum (used for diaper dermatitis)?

A

Vaseline

39
Q

*** Which products are powders that are not recommended for diaper dermatitis due to risk of cancer and risk of inhalation leading to breathing problems

A

Cornstarch and Talc

40
Q

Inhaled talc not containing asbestos

A

noncancerous (according to studies)

41
Q

Inhaled talc containing asbestos

A

cancerous (according to study)

42
Q

Contraindicated agents for diaper rash (DO NOT USE)

A

-OTC antibiotics
-OTC antifungals
-Topical analgesics and anesthetics
-HYDROCORTISONE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

43
Q

What complementary therapies are recommended for diaper dermatitis?

A

None

44
Q

What is prickly heat?

A

Transient inflammation of skin (very fine, pinpoint, raised usually, red rash)

45
Q

Prickly heat occurs when..

A

sweat glands are partially clogged which leads to acute inflammation that feels like stinging, burning, or itching

46
Q

What pharmacologic treatments should you use/avoid for prickly heat?

A

-AVOID ointments
-Use water-washable creams
-For burning or itching, utilize antipruritic agents or a colloidal oatmeal (Aveeno) bath

47
Q

What is the first line treatment for prickly heat in children?

A

Colloidal oatmeal (Aveeno) bath

48
Q

Exclusions for self treatment of both diaper dermatitis and prickly heat:

A

-lesions present longer than 7 days
-presence of diaper dermatitis outside of diaper region
-presence of broken skin
-oozing, blood, vesicles, or pus at lesion sites
-constitutional symptoms (fever, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, swollen inguinal lymph notes, etc.)

OTC (31 decks)

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