Exam 2 - Cough and Cold Flashcards
What type of infection is the common cold considered
Upper respiratory infection
All of the following are symptoms of the common cold EXCEPT:
Sore throat
Itchy/watery eyes
Runny nose
Cough
Itchy/watery eyes
(Itching signifies allergies)
2 year old Lexi has a cold. What do you recommend for her
Honey
(T/F): honey is an appropriate recommendation for all age groups of children with a cold
False - can’t give to children under 12 months old due to botulism spores
Angela is 32 years old. She has throat irritation and is congested. Which would be an appropriate treatment?
Nasal congestion - antihistamine
Runny nose - expectorants
Sore throat - topical anesthetics
Cough - decongestants
Sore throat - topical anesthetics
(Like chloraseptic)
A patient with a cold should seek medical attention if symptoms do not improve in what timeframe
7-14 days
Which factors differentiate the flu from a cold
Aches
Chills
Sudden onset
(Aches are the main one)
Which symptoms should be exclusions for common cold OTC treatment? (SATA)
A fever > 100.4
Allergic to AI in OTC products
Shortness of breath
Sore throat
Fever > 100.4
Allergic to AI in OTC products
Shortness of breath
(Sore throat is not because it is a common, and the first, symptom of a cold)
How does initial nasal discharge from a cold present
Clear/watery
(Yellow or green later on)
What symptom is the main differentiator between allergic rhinitis and the common cold
Itchy/watery eyes
Nate is a 3 year old boy w/ nasal congestion. What nonpharmacologic recommendations can you make?
Humidifier
Vicks vapo rub
(For cold, use humidifier)
Can you use tap water in a neti pot?
ONLY if you boil it first
Which cold symptoms and OTC class are matched correctly? (SATA)
Rhinorrhea & sneezing - antihistamine
Cough - antitussive
Malaise, myalgia - decongestant
Low grade fever - analgesic
Sore throat - anesthetic
Nasal congestion - antihistamine
Rhinorrhea & sneezing - antihistamine
Cough - antitussive
Sore throat - (topical) anesthetic
(Malaise and myalgia would need an analgesic, low grade fever would need an antipyretic, nasal congestion would need a decongestant)
Zefrex-D contains which AI
Pseudoephedrine
Sudafed PE contains what AI
Phenylephrine
Mucinex-D contains which AIs
Pseudoephedrine and guaifenesin
Aleve-D sinus and cold contains which AIs
Pseudoephedrine and naproxen
Is phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine MORE bioavailable
Pseudoephedrine
(Because PE doesn’t work and PSE does)
Mary is taking fluoxetine for anxiety and is wanting to by sudafed. What should you counsel her on?
Sudafed could increase her HR
(Think anxiety heart racing - also because serotonin)
How long can patients use oral decongestants? How long can they use nasal decongestants?
Oral: no more than 7 days
Nasal: no more than 3 days
The use of PSE in pregnancy is especially dangerous in what trimester
1st
(Because this is when organ development occurs)
Donna has controlled HTN. Which decongestant would be SAFEST for her to use
Phenylephrine
Which of the following products are likely to result in a fast heart beat and/or restlessness
Claritin
Sudafed
Chlorpheniramine
Cepacol
Allegra-D
Alavert-D
Sudafed
Allegra-D
Alavert-D
(Because they all contain PSE)
(T/F): a child could present with a fever of 100.4 with a common cold
True
(ABOVE 100.4 is the exclusion)
Julia comes in with her 3 year old and asks for cough medicine. What should you suggest?
Ask if her pediatrician has recommended cough medicine
(Cough and cold products should not be used in children under 6 years old without dr recommendation)
Which product should you recommend when your patient is sneezing and has a runny nose?
Nasal decongestant
Mucinex
Zyrtec
INCS
Zyrtec
(because it’s an antihistamine and the pt is showing symptoms of allergic rhinitis)
What factors lead to the misuse of OTC cough and cold products in children
Many combination products
Dosing inaccuracies
Wrong formulation
(Combo products can get confusing and duplicate therapy may accidentally occur; wrong formulation occurs due to brand name recognition, but the AI may be different)
(T/F): a mother is having trouble getting her 5 year old to sleep. Benadryl is an appropriate recommendation
False - you shouldn’t drug children to make them sleep
Which OTC product is appropriate for a 2 year old with a cold to help them feel more comfortable
Acetaminophen
Mucinex
Benadryl
Naproxen
Acetaminophen
Megan is pregnant and wants relief from her cold. What can you suggest
Hydrate
Humidifier
Salt gargles
(Pregnant patients should always try nonpharmacologic therapy first)
(T/F): a collegiate cross country runner needs relief from congestion. You can recommend sudafed
False - using PSE in college sports is considered doping
Which antihistamine is first line treatment for allergic rhinitis in pregnancy
Chlorpheniramine
(Chlor-trimetron - “trime” like trimester)
Vicks vapo inhaler has what AI
Levmetamfetamine
(People can use the whole thing at once to get high so think amphetamine)
What schedule is Robitussin-AC
CV
(Because it is codeine in a liquid form)
Robitussin-DM has which AI
Dextromethorphan
Which OTC could you recommend for sore throat
Cepacol (topical anesthetic)
Mucinex AI
Guaifenesin
Mucinex class
Expectorant
Dextromethorphan class
Antitussive
Jeff presents with a dry, hacky cough. What should you recommend?
Robitussin-DM
(Use an antitussive because it isn’t a productive cough - use expectorants for productive cough)
Mallory presents with a wet, chesty cough. What should you recommend?
Guaifenesin
(Expectorant to loosen the crap she’s trying to cough up since it’s a productive cough)
Sheila has a runny nose, low-grade fever, irritated throat, and congestion. What does she have?
Common cold
(Has no indications that this could be flu or allergies)
Jason says he has not been able to sleep because his cough is keeping him up. What do you recommend?
Robitussin AC
(Because the codeine will help him sleep and it has an antitussive)
Morgan has nasal congestion, itchy eyes, swelling around the eyes, and post nasal drip. What does she have
Allergic rhinitis
(Big giveaway are the itchy eyes)
Young Nick has a cough that sounds like a bark, pharyngitis, and a fever. What does he have?
Croup
(barking cough = croup)
What is the AI in ZzzQuil
Diphenhydramine
Natalie has a fever, backache, runny nose, and a dry cough. What does she have?
Flu
(Aches are the giveaway)
