Exam 4 - Constipation Products Flashcards
Methylcellulose
Bulk forming agent
Calcium polycarbophil
Bulk forming agent
Psyllium
Bulk forming agent
Onset of action for bulk forming agents
12-24 hours; may take up to 72 hours
Adverse reactions of bulk forming agents
Abdominal cramping and flatulence
Drug-drug interactions of bulk forming agents
Interferes w/ absorption of:
- digoxin
- anticoagulants
- salicylates
- others
How to manage drug-drug interactions w/ bulk forming agents
Separate dosing by at least 2 hours
Polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Hyperosmotic agent
Glycerin
Hyperosmotic agent
Onset of action for PEG
12-72 hours; may take up to 96 hours
Onset of action for glycerin
15-30 min
Onset of action for docusate sodium/calcium
Oral: 12-72 hrs; may take up to 3-5 days
Adverse reactions of glycerin
Rectal irritation possible w/ overdose
Avoid in people who have pre-existing rectal irritation
Adverse reactions of PEG
Bloating
Abdominal discomfort
Flatulence
Docusate sodium/calcium
Emollient agents (stool softeners)
Drug-drug interactions w/ docusate sodium/calcium
Increases absorption of mineral oil
Management of drug interactions for docusate sodium/calcium
Do not use concurrently
Adverse reactions of mineral oil
Caution due to aspiration (lipoid pneumonia)
May impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins
Larger than recommended doses can cause oil leakage through anal sphincter and anal itching
Do NOT use in patients:
- younger than 6 years
- pregnant
- immobile
- difficulty swallowing
- older adults
Mineral oil
Lubricant agent
Onset of action for mineral oil
Oral: 6-8 hrs
Rectal: 5-15 min
Drug-drug interactions of mineral oil
Docusate increases absorption of mineral oil
Management of drug-drug interactions w/ mineral oil
Do not use concurrently w/ docusate
Magnesium citrate
Saline laxative
Magnesium hydroxide
Saline laxative
Monobasic sodium
Saline laxative
Monobasic sodium phosphate/dibasic sodium phosphate
Saline laxative
Onset of action for saline laxatives
Magnesium hydroxide oral: 30 min - 6 hours
Magnesium citrate (for catharsis) oral: 30 min - 3 hours
Magnesium citrate rectal: 2-15 min
Adverse reactions for saline laxatives
Magnesium sulfate should NOT be used as a laxative (there are safer products)
ADRs:
- abdominal cramping
- nausea
- vomiting
- dehydration
Magnesium citrate drug-drug interactions
May cause decreased drug absorption of fluoroquinolone and tetracycline antibiotics