exam 4: old questions Flashcards
Vitamins are grouped into two categories based on their solubility. One of the following vitamins is soluble in fat, but among other functions, it plays an important role in vision, and its deficiency could result in sterility that could be revered with an adequate supply of the vitamin in the diet of the animal
vitamin A
intrinsic factor, secreted by ______ plays an important role in the absorption of vitamin ____ in the gastrointestinal tract
gastric mucosal cells
vitamin B12
from a nutritional point of view, this vitamin is closely associated with the metabolism of calcium
vitamin D
a couple of months after you changed the supplied of the feed you noticed that your animals were showing signs of ill health. You invited your veterinarian to assist you in determining the cause. After conducting postmortem analysis, you were informed that there were hemorrhages throughout the body due to a result of fragile capillaries and that this could have been caused by a vitamin deficiency. Which vitamin do you think is responsible?
vitamin C
This vitamin is also known as antirachitic
vitamin D
This vitamin is also known as antirachitic
vitamin D
in class we learned that these 3D’s dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia are associated with what deficiency
niacin
you recently recieved a call from a livestock producer who recently became a customer. She informed you that she recently noticed that the cornea of some of her livestock is highly vascularized. what vitamin is responsible?
riboflavin
The staple food of a tribe consists of white rice and bread. This diet typically has been shown to be deficient in folic acid. THis deficiency could lead to __________ in pregnant women
megaloblastic
which of the following could lead to pernicious anemia
folic acid deficiency
B12 deficiency
____________ and ____________ are necessary for the synthesis of niacin
pyridoxine
tryptophan
carotene occurs in different forms. The most active (most potent) all trans isomer of carotenoids occur in the form of
beta-carotene
avidin, a protein in egg white, is antagonistic to this vitamin
biotin
this vitamin has a relatively higher requirement in high-protein diets because it plays an important role in protein metabolism
vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
one of the most important functions of all vitamins is the role they play in the metabolic reactions in the body (cells) of livestock (serve as coenzymes). As discussed in class, which vitamin does not act as a coenzyme
choline
this vitamin plays an important role in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine
vitamin B12
high levels of formiminoglutamic acid in the urine of livestock is an indication of __________deficiency
folic acid
about 10 amino acids are dietary essential because they cannot be synthesized endogenously or they cannoth be synthesized in sufficient quantities that can meet the animals requirements. In addition to this, one of these essential amino acids can be used to synthesize niacin in the presence of vitamin B6. THis amino acid from which niacin can be synthesized is
tryptophan
pyridoxine exits in three forms. Generally the most active form of the three is
pyridoxal phosphate
there is high levels of dicoumarol in spoiled sweet clover. When livestock graze on a field that contains spoiled sweet clover, which of the following vitamins is negatively affected by this compound (dicoumarol)
vitamin K
the deficiency symptoms of this vitamin include problems with normal hoof growth, spectaceld eye factor, and dermatitis
biotin
_________ plays an important role in propionate metabolism in ruminant animals
biotin
There is an accumulation of the intermediate of carbohydrate metabolism in the absence of this vitamin
thiamin
T/F total gastrectomy could lead to pernicious anemia
true
T/F the accumulation of pyruvic acid and lactic acid is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B2
false; B1 thiamine
chemical formula for vitamin A
C20H30O
T/F another term for vitamin A is retinol
true
T/F post aborption, pyridoxine is phosphorylated in the kidney
False; liver
T/F cyanocobalamin is another name for vitamin B12
true
Curled toe paralysis in chicks is a deficiency symptom of __________
riboflavin
pyrithiamin is an antivitamin of pantothenic acid T/F
False; pantoyltaurine and
methylpantothenic acid
both tocopherol and tocotrienol have 4 different isomers T/F
true
at the center of the molecular structure of vitamin B12 is __________
cobalt
this vitamin plays an important role in the transfer of one carbon unit
folic acid
this vitamin functions as a prosthetic group for a series of enzymes that incorporate carbon dioxide into organic linkage
biotin
important in transamination process
pyridoxine
3M’s is associated with what vitamin
niacin
constituent of coenzyme A
pantothenic acid
chastek paralysis in fox/braken fern poisoning
thiamine
biological carrier of one carbon group
folic acid
berberi (wet or dry)
thiamine
hydroxylation of proline
vitamin C
natural antioxidant
vitamin E
flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is associated with
riboflavin
oxybiotin
biotin
hemorrhagic sweet clover disease
vitamin K
coenzyme in several enzyme systems in protien/amino acid metabolism
pyridoxine
animal protein factor
vitamin B12
C10H16O3N2S
Biotin
this vitamin is a donor of methyl group that is mediated through its role of forming SAM
choline
with regards to pellagra, high intake of molasses could lead to
diarrhea
deficiency of this vitamin results in xeropthalmia
vitamin A
functions of vitamin C include
hydroxylation of proline
tyrosine metabolism
antihistamine
main storehouse of vitamin A
liver
most popular synthetic form of vitamin A
palmitate
which all trans isomer is most potent
beta-carotene
this vitamin is not stored in the body, pigs are the excpetions
thiamine
the degenerative changes in the testes of an animal as a result of this vitamin is not reversible
vitamin E
in the absence of relative potency of vitamin A isomer, which is the most potent
all trans
in the absence of this vitamin, pyruvic acid and lactate accumulation in the blood and tissue of an animal
thiamine
the vitamin that is phosphorylated in the liver post absorption and is involved in protien/amino acid metabolism is
pyridoxine
in addition to transamination, this vitamin plays a role in decarboxylation reactions in the body of an animal
pyridoxine
Avidin is a protien in egg white, is antagonistic to
biotin
the following are symptoms of pellegra in man except
dermatitis
loss of appetite
nausea
fetal reabsorption
fetal reabsorption
this vitamin is sensitive to acid, base and heat and is normally sold as its calcium salt. It is also involved in the acetylation of choline
pantothenic acid
this vitamin occurs in natural and in natural products in bound form and serves as a prosthetic group for a series of enzymes that incorporate co2 into organic linkage
biotin
this vitamin is involved in tyrosine metabolism
vitamin C
done of the vitamins occurs in two forms, readily oxidized and dehydroform. However both are biologically active which vitamin is it
C
this vitamin serves as a donor of methyl groups mediated through its role in forming SAM
choline
as a result of pancreatic cancer, the pancrase of a cow is completely removed bu the animal is supplied with adequate insulin. despite this, the animal developed fatty liver, what vitamin causes this
choline
definition of antivitamins
compounds that inhibit vitamins in some manner
definition of provitamins
compounds that give rise to the vitamins
difference between vitamin A and carotenoids
vitamin A is only in animals
carotenoids are in plants
what is tetrahydrofolic acid
the version of folic acid that serves as a biological carrier for C1
how does overwintering affect vitamin A in beef cattle
most vitamin A comes from plants so when overwintered, it will dry out the plant and make it loss its vitamin A amounts compared to what it would normally be
lead to vitamin A deficiency
the relationship between pyridoxine and tryptophan
necessary for the synthesis of niacin
how is choline different from other B vitamins
doesnt really qualify as a vitamin
from fat and nerve tissue
doesn’t act as a coenzyme
animal shows signs of fatigue and rising levels of pyruvic acid and lactic acid in its blood and tissues. Explain what is occurring and what tissue it primarily affected
In the absence of thiamine, the process of of pyruvic acid turning into acetyl CoA does not proceed at a normal rate
muscles and nerves
what is polyneuritis in birds
accumulation of intermediates of CHO metabolism
a peripheral nerve degenerations
