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Nutrition > exam 4: old questions > Flashcards

exam 4: old questions Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamins are grouped into two categories based on their solubility. One of the following vitamins is soluble in fat, but among other functions, it plays an important role in vision, and its deficiency could result in sterility that could be revered with an adequate supply of the vitamin in the diet of the animal

A

vitamin A

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2
Q

intrinsic factor, secreted by ______ plays an important role in the absorption of vitamin ____ in the gastrointestinal tract

A

gastric mucosal cells
vitamin B12

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3
Q

from a nutritional point of view, this vitamin is closely associated with the metabolism of calcium

A

vitamin D

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4
Q

a couple of months after you changed the supplied of the feed you noticed that your animals were showing signs of ill health. You invited your veterinarian to assist you in determining the cause. After conducting postmortem analysis, you were informed that there were hemorrhages throughout the body due to a result of fragile capillaries and that this could have been caused by a vitamin deficiency. Which vitamin do you think is responsible?

A

vitamin C

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5
Q

This vitamin is also known as antirachitic

A

vitamin D

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5
Q

This vitamin is also known as antirachitic

A

vitamin D

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6
Q

in class we learned that these 3D’s dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia are associated with what deficiency

A

niacin

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7
Q

you recently recieved a call from a livestock producer who recently became a customer. She informed you that she recently noticed that the cornea of some of her livestock is highly vascularized. what vitamin is responsible?

A

riboflavin

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8
Q

The staple food of a tribe consists of white rice and bread. This diet typically has been shown to be deficient in folic acid. THis deficiency could lead to __________ in pregnant women

A

megaloblastic

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9
Q

which of the following could lead to pernicious anemia

A

folic acid deficiency
B12 deficiency

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10
Q

____________ and ____________ are necessary for the synthesis of niacin

A

pyridoxine
tryptophan

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11
Q

carotene occurs in different forms. The most active (most potent) all trans isomer of carotenoids occur in the form of

A

beta-carotene

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12
Q

avidin, a protein in egg white, is antagonistic to this vitamin

A

biotin

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13
Q

this vitamin has a relatively higher requirement in high-protein diets because it plays an important role in protein metabolism

A

vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

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14
Q

one of the most important functions of all vitamins is the role they play in the metabolic reactions in the body (cells) of livestock (serve as coenzymes). As discussed in class, which vitamin does not act as a coenzyme

A

choline

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15
Q

this vitamin plays an important role in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine

A

vitamin B12

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16
Q

high levels of formiminoglutamic acid in the urine of livestock is an indication of __________deficiency

A

folic acid

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17
Q

about 10 amino acids are dietary essential because they cannot be synthesized endogenously or they cannoth be synthesized in sufficient quantities that can meet the animals requirements. In addition to this, one of these essential amino acids can be used to synthesize niacin in the presence of vitamin B6. THis amino acid from which niacin can be synthesized is

A

tryptophan

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18
Q

pyridoxine exits in three forms. Generally the most active form of the three is

A

pyridoxal phosphate

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19
Q

there is high levels of dicoumarol in spoiled sweet clover. When livestock graze on a field that contains spoiled sweet clover, which of the following vitamins is negatively affected by this compound (dicoumarol)

A

vitamin K

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20
Q

the deficiency symptoms of this vitamin include problems with normal hoof growth, spectaceld eye factor, and dermatitis

A

biotin

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21
Q

_________ plays an important role in propionate metabolism in ruminant animals

A

biotin

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22
Q

There is an accumulation of the intermediate of carbohydrate metabolism in the absence of this vitamin

A

thiamin

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23
Q

T/F total gastrectomy could lead to pernicious anemia

A

true

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24
Q

T/F the accumulation of pyruvic acid and lactic acid is caused by the deficiency of vitamin B2

A

false; B1 thiamine

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25
Q

chemical formula for vitamin A

A

C20H30O

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26
Q

T/F another term for vitamin A is retinol

A

true

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27
Q

T/F post aborption, pyridoxine is phosphorylated in the kidney

A

False; liver

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28
Q

T/F cyanocobalamin is another name for vitamin B12

A

true

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29
Q

Curled toe paralysis in chicks is a deficiency symptom of __________

A

riboflavin

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30
Q

pyrithiamin is an antivitamin of pantothenic acid T/F

A

False; pantoyltaurine and
methylpantothenic acid

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31
Q

both tocopherol and tocotrienol have 4 different isomers T/F

A

true

32
Q

at the center of the molecular structure of vitamin B12 is __________

A

cobalt

33
Q

this vitamin plays an important role in the transfer of one carbon unit

A

folic acid

34
Q

this vitamin functions as a prosthetic group for a series of enzymes that incorporate carbon dioxide into organic linkage

A

biotin

35
Q

important in transamination process

A

pyridoxine

36
Q

3M’s is associated with what vitamin

A

niacin

37
Q

constituent of coenzyme A

A

pantothenic acid

38
Q

chastek paralysis in fox/braken fern poisoning

A

thiamine

39
Q

biological carrier of one carbon group

A

folic acid

40
Q

berberi (wet or dry)

A

thiamine

41
Q

hydroxylation of proline

A

vitamin C

42
Q

natural antioxidant

A

vitamin E

43
Q

flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is associated with

A

riboflavin

44
Q

oxybiotin

A

biotin

45
Q

hemorrhagic sweet clover disease

A

vitamin K

46
Q

coenzyme in several enzyme systems in protien/amino acid metabolism

A

pyridoxine

47
Q

animal protein factor

A

vitamin B12

48
Q

C10H16O3N2S

A

Biotin

49
Q

this vitamin is a donor of methyl group that is mediated through its role of forming SAM

A

choline

50
Q

with regards to pellagra, high intake of molasses could lead to

A

diarrhea

51
Q

deficiency of this vitamin results in xeropthalmia

A

vitamin A

52
Q

functions of vitamin C include

A

hydroxylation of proline
tyrosine metabolism
antihistamine

53
Q

main storehouse of vitamin A

A

liver

54
Q

most popular synthetic form of vitamin A

A

palmitate

55
Q

which all trans isomer is most potent

A

beta-carotene

56
Q

this vitamin is not stored in the body, pigs are the excpetions

A

thiamine

57
Q

the degenerative changes in the testes of an animal as a result of this vitamin is not reversible

A

vitamin E

58
Q

in the absence of relative potency of vitamin A isomer, which is the most potent

A

all trans

59
Q

in the absence of this vitamin, pyruvic acid and lactate accumulation in the blood and tissue of an animal

A

thiamine

60
Q

the vitamin that is phosphorylated in the liver post absorption and is involved in protien/amino acid metabolism is

A

pyridoxine

61
Q

in addition to transamination, this vitamin plays a role in decarboxylation reactions in the body of an animal

A

pyridoxine

62
Q

Avidin is a protien in egg white, is antagonistic to

A

biotin

63
Q

the following are symptoms of pellegra in man except
dermatitis
loss of appetite
nausea
fetal reabsorption

A

fetal reabsorption

64
Q

this vitamin is sensitive to acid, base and heat and is normally sold as its calcium salt. It is also involved in the acetylation of choline

A

pantothenic acid

65
Q

this vitamin occurs in natural and in natural products in bound form and serves as a prosthetic group for a series of enzymes that incorporate co2 into organic linkage

A

biotin

66
Q

this vitamin is involved in tyrosine metabolism

A

vitamin C

67
Q

done of the vitamins occurs in two forms, readily oxidized and dehydroform. However both are biologically active which vitamin is it

A

C

68
Q

this vitamin serves as a donor of methyl groups mediated through its role in forming SAM

A

choline

69
Q

as a result of pancreatic cancer, the pancrase of a cow is completely removed bu the animal is supplied with adequate insulin. despite this, the animal developed fatty liver, what vitamin causes this

A

choline

70
Q

definition of antivitamins

A

compounds that inhibit vitamins in some manner

71
Q

definition of provitamins

A

compounds that give rise to the vitamins

72
Q

difference between vitamin A and carotenoids

A

vitamin A is only in animals
carotenoids are in plants

73
Q

what is tetrahydrofolic acid

A

the version of folic acid that serves as a biological carrier for C1

74
Q

how does overwintering affect vitamin A in beef cattle

A

most vitamin A comes from plants so when overwintered, it will dry out the plant and make it loss its vitamin A amounts compared to what it would normally be

lead to vitamin A deficiency

75
Q

the relationship between pyridoxine and tryptophan

A

necessary for the synthesis of niacin

76
Q

how is choline different from other B vitamins

A

doesnt really qualify as a vitamin
from fat and nerve tissue
doesn’t act as a coenzyme

77
Q

animal shows signs of fatigue and rising levels of pyruvic acid and lactic acid in its blood and tissues. Explain what is occurring and what tissue it primarily affected

A

In the absence of thiamine, the process of of pyruvic acid turning into acetyl CoA does not proceed at a normal rate

muscles and nerves

78
Q

what is polyneuritis in birds

A

accumulation of intermediates of CHO metabolism
a peripheral nerve degenerations

Nutrition (14 decks)

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