Exam 3 quizzes Flashcards
when you think of bone-specific diseases what minerals come to mind
calcium
phosphorus
when you think of weight loss problems what minerals come to mind
electrolytes
sodium
when you think of heart/specific organ problems what minerals come to mind
potassium
when you think of grass tetany what minerals come to mind
magnesium
when you think of anemia what minerals come to mind
iron
when you think of ensootic ataxia, falling disease, nutritional anemia, wasting disease, and graying of hair what minerals come to mind
copper
when you think of liver and spleen problems what minerals come to mind
cobalt
when you think of goiter and hairless pigs what minerals come to mind
iodine
when you think of slipped tendon what minerals come to mind
manganese
when you think of skin problems what minerals come to mind
zinc
when you think of white muscle disease what minerals come to mind
selenium
when you think of alkali disease/blind staggers what minerals come to mind
selenium
when you think of exudative diathesis in chicks what minerals come to mind
selenium
when you think of liver necrosis in rats what minerals come to mind
selenium
when you think of hoofs falling off what minerals come to mind
selenium
when you think of teartness (severe scouring and loss of condition) what minerals come to mind
molybdenum
when you think of bones breaking, bones losing color, and bony outgrowth what minerals come to mind
fluorine
when you think of total ash content of bone decreasing and teeth becoming soft what minerals come to mind
fluorine
A cow was found to be anemic despite the fact that the iron level in its diet and circulating iron it
its blood are at adequate level. After laboratory analysis, it was found that most of the red bllod
cells were microcytic and immature. Which mineral deficiency would you attribute this to?
copper
When ruminants are allowed to feed on lush pasture during the spring season. The potential for the
development of tetany is high. This condition is caused by
Magnesium deficiency
Deficiency of this mineral results in piglets being born without hair on their body
Iodine
This minerals is not routinely supplemented in swine diets
sulfur
Wasting disease, enzootic ataxia, falling disease of cattle, and graying of black hair and wool are
classical symptoms of
Copper deficiency
These minerals are area problems of the world
selenium, cobalt, iodine
This mineral occupies the center of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)
Cobalt
This mineral protects against peroxides (acts like an antioxidant)
Selenium
One of the following minerals is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract
Zinc or manganese
Most of the iron in the body of an animal is stored in this organ
Liver
The level of this mineral in the diet of livestock is regulated by FDA
Selenium
This plays an important role in the process of bone mineralization
Osteoblast
Grazing animals in this State could be subject to selenium toxicity
Utah
the amino acid involved in general metabolic rate in the body of an animal
tyrosine
hormones involved in calcium metabolism
parathyroid hormone
calcitonin
vitamin D
estrogen
4 causes of anemia discussed in class
hereditary
pathological
hemorrhage blood loss
nutritional
list the 3 most abundant macro minerals in the body of an animal
calcium
phosphorus
magnesium
Difference between endemic goiter vs. exophthalmic goiter
endemic (simple) is a iodine deficiency
exophthalmic (graves disease) is autoimmune caused by overactive thyroid gland
pica (deprived appetite) occurs as a result of ____ deficiency
phosphorus
within a few days after a freak accident, a cow has found to be anemic as a result of excessive loss of blood. Describe the nature of the anemia
normocytic
normochromic
relative proportion in the bone the percentage of Ca, P,M
Mg < P< Ca
Tetany is observed in ruminants that are fed lush pasture during the spring season. This condition
(tetany) is a sign of
Magnesium deficiency
Deficiency of this mineral results in piglets being born without hair on their body
Iodine deficiency
You are a consultant to a farmer that raises cattle. Recently he’s been noticing significant problem
with hoofs coming off the legs of his animals. Which of the minerals that we discussed in class
would you suggest to be responsible for this condition
Selenium
This minerals is not routinely supplemented in swine diets
Sulfur
Wasting disease, enzootic ataxia, falling disease of cattle, and graying of black hair and wool are
classical symptoms of
Copper deficiency
In order for the microbes in the rumen of ruminant animals to successfully synthesize sufficient
quantities of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), certain mineral must be supplied in their diets
selenium
To a reasonable level, this mineral may act as an antioxidant in the diets of livestock
Selenium
One of the following minerals is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract
Zinc
With regards to magnesium, NH3 needs to be
Low NH3 level is good for Mg absorption
The primary storage organ for this mineral is the bone
Phosphorus
he level of this mineral in the diet of livestock is regulated by FDA
Selenium
Calcitonin enhances bone rebuilding/remodeling with the help of this bone cells
Osteoblast
The primary storage organ for this mineral is the liver
iron
The mode of excretion of this mineral is through the kidney
Potassium
(all electrolytes)
The mode of excretion of this mineral is through the kidney
Potassium
(all electrolytes)
This mineral is involved in the synthesis of hemoglobin as well as in the maturation of red blood
cell
copper
This mineral is a cofactor for Xanthine oxidase which is essential in purine metabolism
Molybdenum
This anemic condition as a result of this mineral is usually normocytic, normochromic type
Cobalt
The deficiency of this mineral could result in parakeratosis in swine
zinc
This animal has the highest tolerance level to molybdenum
horse
This animal has the lowest tolerance level to molybdenum
cow
Alkali disease or blind staggers is associated with this mineral
Selenium
This minerals is involved in the nitrate reductase system to convert nitrates to nitrites (in plants)
Molybdenum
Toxicity of this mineral may lead to a decrease in bone breaking strength
Fluorine
Poultry and swine are most likely to be deficient in this mineral
calcium
Kidney plays an important role in the excretion of this mineral
Phosphorus (and electrolytes)
Severe diarrhea occurs when cattle is fed a diet containing excess _____
Molybdenum
Grazing animals in this State could be subject to selenium toxicity
kansas
utah
dakotas
this mineral is involved (indirectly) in energy metabolism
iodine
This mineral is involved in sexual maturation of livestock
Manganese
This mineral is involved in the activation of ascorbic acid oxidase (vitamin C)
copper
The mode of excretion of this mineral is through feces: potassium iron copper or manganese
copper
List 4 examples of macro minerals that are not associated with osmotic pressure regulation as
discussed in this class
i. Calcium ii. Phosphorus iii. Magnesium iv. sulfur
List 3 routes of mineral excretion from the body
i. feces
ii. urine
iii. sweat
iv. blood
List one macro mineral that is involved in the maintenance of osmotic pressure and is mostly
found in the intracellular fluid
Potassium
List 2 hormones that are involved in calcium metabolism
i. vitamin D
ii. Parathyroid hormone
iii. Calcitonin
define minerals
inorganic elements that are required for good health and production
What mineral is considered a pollutant
phosphorus
can ruminants break down phytate
no
how can you minimize phosphorus pollution
feed lower phytic acid feed
supplement phytase
decrease supplemental sources of minerals
definition/importance of chelation
agent that binds to a mineral and isolates it from other compounds
maintenance and nutrition significance
nutrition significance of chelation
bind trace elements and release them at a site needed
maintenance significance of chelation
remove toxins